International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology

  • 제7권2호
  • /
  • Pages.168-178
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  • 2019
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  • 2288-7202(pISSN)
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  • 2288-7318(eISSN)
국제문화기술진흥원 (The International Promotion Agency of Culture Technology)
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Revisiting 'It'-Extraposition in English: An Extended Optimality-Theoretic Analysis

  • 투고 : 2019.05.20
  • 심사 : 2019.06.02
  • 발행 : 2019.06.30
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초록

In this paper I discuss a more complicated case of 'It'-Extraposition in English in the Optimality Theory [1] by further modifying and extending the analysis done in Khym (2018) [2] in which only the 'relatively' simple cases of 'It'-Extraposition such as 'CP-Predicate' was dealt with. I show in this paper that the constraints and the constraint hierarchy developed to explain the 'relatively' simple cases of 'It'-Extraposition are no longer valid for the more complicated cases of 'It'-Extraposition in configuration of 'CP-V-CP'. In doing so, I also discuss two important theoretic possibilities and suggest a new view to look at the 'It'-Extraposition: first, the long-bothering question of which syntactic approach between P&P (Chomsky 1985) [3] and MP (Chomsky 1992) [4] should be based on in projecting the full surface forms of candidates may boil down to just a simple issue of an intrinsic property of the Gen(erator). Second, the so-called 'It'- Extraposition phenomenon may not actually be a derived construction by the optional application of Extraposition operation. Rather, it could be just a representational construction produced by the simple application of 'It'-insertion after the structure projection with 'that-clause' at the post-verbal position. This observation may lead to elimination of one of the promising candidates of '$It_i{\ldots}[_{CP}that{\sim}]_i$' out of the computation table in Khym [2], and eventually to excluding the long-named 'It'-Extraposition case from Extrsposition phenomena itself. The final constraints and the constraint hierarchy that are explored are as follows: ${\bullet}$ Constraints: $^*SSF$, AHSubj, Subj., Min-D ${\bullet}$ Constraint Hierarchy: SSF<<>>Subj.>> AHSubj.

키워드

Selection of an Optimal Candidate #1

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Selection of an Optimal Candidate #2

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Selection of an Optimal Candidate #3

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Selection of an Optimal Candidate #4

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Selection of an Optimal Candidate #5

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Selection of an Optimal Candidate #6

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Selection of an Optimal Candidate #6

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Selection of an Optimal Candidate #7

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참고문헌

  1. Prince, Alan and Paul Smolensky, Optimality Theory: Constraint Interaction in Generative Grammar, Blackwell Publishers, (1993/2002/2004). Technical Report, Rutgers University Center for Cognitive Science and Computer Science Department, University of Colorado at Boulder, 1993.
  2. Khym, H., "An Optimality-Theoretic Analysis of 'It'- Extraposition in English", IJACT Vol.6, No. 4, pp.58-63, 2018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17703/IJACT.2018.6.4.
  3. Chomsky, N., Barriers, Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 1985.
  4. Chomsky, N., "Some Notes on the Economy of Derivation and Representation", in R. Freidin (ed), MITWPL 10, 1992.
  5. Lasnik, H., "Two Nots on Control and Binding," in R. Larson et al. eds., Control and Grammar, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 1990.
  6. Milsark, G., Existential Sentences in English, Doctoral dissertation, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1974.
  7. Milsark, G., "Towards an Explanation of Certain Peculiarities in the Existential Construction in English," Linguistic Analysis 3, pp1-30, 1977.
  8. Heim, I., Semantics of Indefinite and Indefinite Noun Phrases, Doctoral dissertation, University of Massachusetts at Amherst, 1982.
  9. Abney, S., The English Noun Phrases in Its Sentential Aspect, Doctoral dissertation, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1987.
  10. McCloskey, J., "There, It, an Agreement," Linguistic Inquiry 22, pp.563-567, 1991.
  11. Williams, E.S., "Predication," Linguistic Inquiry 11, No. 1, pp.203-208, 1980.