Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology

The Korean Electrochemical Society (한국전기화학회)
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Preparation of Biomass Based Carbon for Electrochemical Energy Storage Application

  • Harshini Priyaa, V.S. (Department of Chemical Engineering, A.C.Tech., Anna University) ;
  • Saravanathamizhan, R. (Department of Chemical Engineering, A.C.Tech., Anna University) ;
  • Balasubramanian, N. (Department of Chemical Engineering, A.C.Tech., Anna University)
  • Received : 2018.06.13
  • Accepted : 2018.11.10
  • Published : 2019.06.30
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Abstract

The activated carbon materials were prepared from waste biomass by ultrasonic assisted chemical activation method (UCA), ultrasonic assisted physical activation method (UPA) and Manganese nitrogen doped carbon (Mn/N-C). The XRD result shows the turbostatic (fully disordered) structure. The cyclic voltammetry test was done at 50 mV/s using 1M sodium sulfate and the values of specific capacitance were found to be 93, 100 and 115 F/g for UCA, UPA and Mn/N-C respectively. The power density values for the samples UCA, UPA and Mn/N-C were found to be 46.04, 87.97 and 131.42 W/kg respectively. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was done at low frequency between 1 to 10 kHz. The Nyquist plot gives the resistant characteristics of the materials due to diffusional resistance at the electrode-electrolyte interface. The Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopyanalysis (EDAX) analysis showed that the percentage doping of nitrogen and manganese were 3.53 wt% and 9.44 wt% respectively. It is observed from the experiment Mn/N-C doped carbon show good physical and electrochemical properties.

Keywords

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Fig. 1. Preparation of ultrasonic assisted (a) Chemically activated carbon(UCA), (b) physically activated carbon (UPA)from corn cob.

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Fig. 2. XRD graph for chemically activated carbon(CA) and ultrasonic assisted chemically activated carbon(UCA).

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Fig. 3. FTIR graph for a) raw corn cob (CC), b) chemically activated carbon(CA) and c) ultrasonic assisted chemically activated carbon(UCA).

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Fig. 4. SEM images of (a) ultrasonic assisted chemically activated corn cob; (b)ultrasonic assisted physically activated corn cob; (c) Manganese and nitrogen doped corn cob.

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Fig. 5. EDS for (a) ultrasonic assisted chemically activated corn cob; (b) ultrasonic assisted physically activated corn cob (c) Manganese and nitrogen doped corn cob.

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Fig. 6. Cyclic voltammetric curves for UCA, UPA and Mn/N-Cat scan rate 50mV/s in 1M sodium sulfate.

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Fig. 7. Galvanostatic charge and discharge curves for (a) UCA, (b) UPA, (c) Mn/N-Cat various current densities in 1M sodium sulfate.

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Fig. 8. a) The EIS Nyquist plot of the two electrode materials (inset equivalent circuit model of the electrodes), b) Bode plot of phase versus frequencyc) Bode plot of total impedance versus frequency.

Table 1. Functional groups present in the structure of corn cob

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Table 2. Comparison of specific capacitance of UCA, UPA, Mn/N-C using cyclic voltammetry at 50mV/s in 1M sodium sulfate

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Table 3. Comparison of specific capacitance of UCA at various current densities in 1M sodium sulfate

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Table 4. Comparison of specific capacitance of UPA at various current densities in 1M sodium sulfate

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Table 5. Comparison of specific capacitance of Mn/N-C at various current densities in 1M sodium sulfate

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