DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

경찰관들이 경험하는 컴페션(Compassion)과 미덕(Virtue)이 조직 동일시에 미치는 영향: 긍정적 감정의 매개효과와 집단적 자긍심의 조절효과

The Effects of Compassion and Virtue experienced by police officer on Organizational Identification : Mediating effects of positive emotions and moderating effect of collective self-esteem

  • 조승원 (평택대학교 일반대학원 상담학과)
  • Jo, Seung-Won (Department of Counseling Science, Pyeong-taek University)
  • 투고 : 2019.02.07
  • 심사 : 2019.05.20
  • 발행 : 2019.05.28

초록

본 연구의 목적은 첫째, 경찰관들이 조직 내에서 경험하는 컴페션과 미덕이 긍정적 감정에 미치는 영향을 검증하고 둘째, 긍정적 감정이 종속변수인 조직 동일시에 미치는 영향을 실증하는 것이다. 셋째, 컴페션과 조직 동일시, 미덕과 조직 동일시 사이의 관계에서 긍정적 감정의 매개효과를 검증하고 넷째, 긍정적 감정과 조직 동일시 사이의 관계에서 집단적 자긍심의 조절효과를 실증하고자 한다. 본 연구의 표본추출은 전국 지방경찰청 소속 경찰관서에 근무하는 남 녀 경찰관 353명을 대상으로 설문조사 한 후 가설검증에 이들 표본을 사용하였다. 연구결과 경찰관이 경험한 컴페션과 미덕이 긍정적 감정에 긍정적 효과를 미치는 것이 검증되었고, 긍정적 감정이 조직 동일시 현상에 긍정적 영향을 미치는 것이 확인되었다. 그리고 컴페션과 미덕, 조직동일시 사이의 관계에서 긍정적 감정이 완전 매개 역할을 하는 것으로 나타났으며, 긍정적 감정과 조직동일시와의 관계에서 집단적 자긍심이 조절 역할을 하는 것으로 확인되었다. 본 연구의 이론적 시사점은 엄격한 위계관계가 유지되고 직무스트레스가 높은 경찰 조직에 컴페션과 미덕적 행위를 확산시켜 긍정적인 조직문화를 조성시키는데 기여하게 될 것이다.

The purpose of this study is to verify the effect of the compaction and virtue experienced by police officers in the organization on positive emotion and, second, to demonstrate the effect of positive emotion on the organization uniformity, which is subordinate variable. Third, we intend to verify the mediated effect of positive emotion in the relationship between compassion and organization uniformity, and fourthly, to demonstrate the coordination effect of collective self-esteem in the relationship between positive emotion and organization identicalness. Sampling of this study was conducted on 353 male and female police officers working at police stations belonging to the National Police Agency and used these samples for hypothesis testing. Studies have confirmed that the compaction and virtue experienced by police officers have a positive effect on positive emotion, and that positive emotion has a positive effect on the phenomenon of tissue co-ordination. And it has been shown that positive emotion plays a full role in the relationship between compassion, virtue and organizational co-ordination, and that positive emotion and collective self-esteem plays a controlling role in the relationship with organizational co-ordination. The theoretical implications of this study will contribute to creating a positive organizational culture by maintaining a strict hierarchical relationship and spreading the compaction and virtuous behavior to police organizations with high task stress.

키워드

DJTJBT_2019_v17n5_1_f0001.png 이미지

Fig. 1. Research Model

Table 1. Correlabdion Analysis Result

DJTJBT_2019_v17n5_1_t0001.png 이미지

Table 2. Path analysis of research model

DJTJBT_2019_v17n5_1_t0002.png 이미지

Table 3. Mediating Effect of Positive Emotion on Compassion and Organizational Identification

DJTJBT_2019_v17n5_1_t0003.png 이미지

Table 4. Mediating Effect of Positive Emotion on Virtue and Organizational Identification

DJTJBT_2019_v17n5_1_t0004.png 이미지

Table 5. Morerating Effect of CSE on Positive Emotion and Organizational Identification

DJTJBT_2019_v17n5_1_t0005.png 이미지

참고문헌

  1. Y. S. Moon. (2011). Police officers' job stress levels and factors of influence. Local government research, 14(4), 41-60.
  2. J. A. Waters & W. Ussery. (2007). Police stress: history, contributing factors, symptoms, and interventions. Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management, 30(2), 169-186 https://doi.org/10.1108/13639510710753199
  3. R. J. Burke & Mikkelsen. (2005). Burnout, job stress and attitudes towards the use of force by Norweigian police officers. Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management, 28(2), 269-278. https://doi.org/10.1108/13639510510597906
  4. J. Y. Yoon & W. S. Hong. (2007). A Study on the Performance of Business Management According to the Job Satisfaction of the Employees of the Family Restaurant. Food Management Study, 10(1), 7-9
  5. J. K. Kim & K. O. Lee. (2009). The impact of the manager's leadership on the co-ordination of hotel employees. Korea Tourism Research Institute, 23(2), 361-378
  6. S. H. Kim. (2009). A Study on the Emotional Labor of Police Officers: Focused on the Relationship with Vocational Mistress and the Effects of Organizational Co-ordination. Journal of the Korean Academy of Police, 11(2), 5-35
  7. J. M. Lilius, M. C. Worline, S. Maitlis, J. Kanov, J. E. Dutton & P. Frost. (2008). The contours and consequences of compassion at work. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 29(2), 193-218. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.508
  8. S. Folkman & J. T. Moskowitz. (2000). Positive affect and the other side of coping. American psychologist, 55(6), 647. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.55.6.647
  9. B. L. Fredrickson, M. M. Tugade, C. E. Waugh. & G. R. Larkin. (2003). "What good are positive emotions in crises? A prospective study of resilience and emotions following the terrorist attacks on the United States on September11, 2001". Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84(2), 365-376. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.84.2.365
  10. C. A. O'Reilly & J. Chatman. (1986). Organizational commitment and psychological attachment: the effects of compliance, identification, and internalization on prosocial behavior. Journal of Applied Psychology, 71(3), 492-499. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.71.3.492
  11. K. S. Cameron. (2003). Organizational virtuousness and Robert E. Quinn (Eds.) Positive Organizational Scholarship: Foundations of a New Discipline. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 48-65.
  12. C. Peterson & Seligman. (2004). M.E.P.Character Strengths and Virtues: A Handbook and Classification. New York: Oxford University Press.
  13. S. Rhee, J. E. Dutton & R. P. Bagozzi. (2006). Making Sense of Organizational Actions with Virtue Frames and Its Links to Organizational Attachment, Journal of Management, Spirituality & Religion, 3(1), 34-59. https://doi.org/10.1080/14766080609518610
  14. M. J. Hatch. (1999). Exploring the empty spaces of organizing: How improvisational jazz helps redescribe organizational structure. Organi zationa Studies, 20, 75-100. https://doi.org/10.1177/0170840699201004
  15. E.M.Eisenberg. (1990). Jamming: Transcendence through organizing. Communication Research. 17, 139-164. https://doi.org/10.1177/009365090017002001
  16. R. Sethi & C. Y. Nicholson. (2001). Structural and contextual correlates of charged behavior in product development teams. Journal of Product Innovation Management,. 18, 154-168. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0737-6782(01)00072-8
  17. H. J. Leavitt. (1996). The old days, hot groups, and managers lib. Adminstrative Science Quarterly. 41, 288-300. https://doi.org/10.2307/2393721
  18. R. W. Quinn, & J. E. Dutton. (2002). Coordination as energy-in-conversation: Aprocess theory of organizing. Working paper, University of michigan Business School.
  19. W. S. Ha & J. K. Tak. (2012). The Effects of Coaching Leadership on Contextual Performance and Creative Behavior: Moderating Effect of Organizational Virtue and Learning Goal Orientation. Journal of the Korean Psychological Association, 25 (1), 195-213
  20. J. E. Dutton & E. D. Heaphy. (2003), The Power of High-Quality Connections. Positive Organizational Scholarship. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler Publishers.
  21. J. M, Lilius, M. C. Worline, S. Maitlis, J. Kanov, J, E. Dutton & P. J. Frost. (2008). "The contours and consequences of compassion at work", Journal of Organizational Behavior, 29, 193-218. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.508
  22. P. J. Frost, J. E. Dutton, M. C. Worline & A. Wilson. (2000). Narratives of compassion in organizations. In S. Fineman (Eds.), Emotion in organizations, 25-45
  23. L. Wispe. (1986). The distinction between sympathy and empathy: to call forth a concept, a word is needed. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 50, 314-321. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.50.2.314
  24. S. G. Post. (2004). The tradition of agape. In S. G. Post, L. G. Underwood, J. P. Schloss, & W. B. Hurlbut (Eds.). Altruism and altruistic love: science, philosophy, and religion in dialogue, 51-64.
  25. W. A. Kahn. (1993). Caring for the care givers: Patterns of organizational care giving, Administrative Science Quarterly, 38, 539-563. https://doi.org/10.2307/2393336
  26. J. M. Kanov, S. Maitlis, M. C. Worline, J. E. Dutton, P. J. Frost & J. M. Lilius. (2004). Compassion in organizational life, American Behavioral Scientist, 47(6), 808-827. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002764203260211
  27. J. E. Dutton, P. J. Frost, M. C. Worline, J. M. Lilius & J. M. Kanov. (2002). Leading in times of trauma. Harvard Business Review, 80(1), 54-61.
  28. R. E. Boyatzis, M. L. Smith., N. Blaize. (2006). Developing sustainable leaders through coaching and compassion, Academy of Management Learning & Education, 5(1), 8-24. https://doi.org/10.5465/amle.2006.20388381
  29. S. H. Ko & T. W. Moon. (2012). The Effect of Compassion within Organizations on Intention to Leave:Focusing on the Double Mediation Effect of Positive Identity and Organizational Commitment, Korean Journal of Management, 20(3), 29-76.
  30. R. B. Cialdini, R. J. Borden, A. Thorne, M. R. Walker, S. Freeman, & L. R. Sloan. (1976). Basking in reflected glory: Three(football) field studies. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 34, 366-375. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.34.3.366
  31. M. E. McCullough & C. R. Snyder. (2000). Classical sources of human strength: Revisiting an old home and building a new one, Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 19(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1521/jscp.2000.19.1.1
  32. R. F. Baumeister & J. J. Exline. (1999). "Virtue, personality, and social relations: Self-control as the moral muscle", Journal of Personality, 67(6), 1165-1194. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-6494.00086
  33. R. C. Roberts. (1988), Therapies and the grammar of virtue. In R.H. Bell, (Ed.), The grammar of the heart: New essays in moral philosophy and theology, 149-170.
  34. W. Bake. (2000). Achieving success through social capital. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
  35. J. M. Lilius, M. C. Worline, S. Maitlis, J. Kanov, J. E. Dutton & P. Frost. (2008). The Contours and Consequences of Compassion at Work, Journal of Organizational Behavior, 29(2), 193-218. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.508
  36. H. Tajfel. (1982). Instrumentality, identity and social comparisons, In H. Tajfel (Ed.), Social identity and intergroup relations. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 483-507.
  37. R. M. Kramer. (1993). Cooperation and Organizational identification, Social Psychology in organization: Advances in Theory and Research. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
  38. E. B. Ashforth & F. Mael. (1989). Social Identity Theory and the Organization. Academy of Management Review, 14(1), 20-39. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1989.4278999
  39. D. Van Knippenberg & E. C. M. Van Schie. (2000). Fociand Correlates of Organizational Identification. Journal of Occupational and Organizational.
  40. J. E. Dutton, L. M. Roberts, & J. Bednar. (2010). Pathways for positive identity construction at work: Four types of positive identity and the building of social resources. Academy of Management Review, 35, 265-293. https://doi.org/10.5465/AMR.2010.48463334
  41. K. S. Cameron. (2003). Organizational virtuousness and performance. In Kim S. Cameron, Jane E. Dutton, and Robert E. Quinn (Eds.) Positive Organizational Scholarship: Foundations of a New Discipline. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler. 101-123.
  42. S. Y. Rhee, H. W. Park, J. H. Bae & H. K. Moon. (2016). The effect of organizational virtues perceived by organizational members on job performance and job crafting. The Korea Society of Management Information Systems, 35 (5), 81-108
  43. C. A. Barte. (2001). Social comparisons in Boundary-spanning Work: Effects of Community Outreach on Members' Organizational Identity and Identification, Administrative Science Quarterly, 46(3), 379-413. https://doi.org/10.2307/3094869
  44. K. S. Cameron, D. Bright & A. Caza. (2004), Exploringthe relationships between organizational virtuousness and performance, American Behavioral Scientist, 47(6), 766-790. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002764203260209
  45. F. A. Mael, & B. E. Ashforth. (1992). Alumni and Their Alma Mater: A Partial Test of the Reformulated Model of Organizational Identification, Journal of Organizational Behavior, 13, 103-123. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.4030130202
  46. R. Luhtans & J. Crocker. (1992). A collective self-esteem scale: Self-evaluation of one's social identity. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 18(3), 302-318. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167292183006
  47. K. J. Preacher & A. F. Hayes. (2008). Asymptotic and Resampling Strategies for Assessing and Comparing Indirect Effects in Multiple Mediator Models. Behavior Research Methods, 40, 879-891. https://doi.org/10.3758/BRM.40.3.879
  48. W. M. Heo. (2013), Recent Trends in Mediating Effect Analysis: Simplified, Multi- and Dual-Mediated Effects Analysis Using Bootstrapping. Corporate and Innovation Studies, 6(3), 43-59
  49. G. S. Anderson, R. Litzinberger & D. Plecas. (2002). Physical Evedence of police officer stress. policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Managemment, 25(2), 399-420. https://doi.org/10.1108/13639510210429437
  50. Y. B. Park. (2017). The Convergence effect of job stress of counselors on sexual orientation - Focusing on ego resilience. Journal of Convergence for Information Technology, 7(6), 193-199.