Neonatal Medicine

The Korean Society of Neonatology (대한신생아학회)
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Thyroid Hormone Resistance in a Preterm Infant with a Novel THRB Mutation

  • Bae, Joon Yeol (Department of Pediatrics, Konyang University College of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Dong Yeop (Department of Pediatrics, Konyang University College of Medicine) ;
  • Kwon, Young Dai (Department of Pediatrics, Konyang University College of Medicine) ;
  • Song, Young Hwa (Department of Pediatrics, Konyang University College of Medicine) ;
  • Lim, Han Hyuk (Department of Pediatrics, Chungnam National University College of Medicine) ;
  • Park, Hyung-Doo (Department of Laboratory Medicine and Genetics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine) ;
  • Lim, Jae Woo (Department of Pediatrics, Konyang University College of Medicine)
  • Received : 2018.08.27
  • Accepted : 2019.03.29
  • Published : 2019.05.28
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Abstract

Resistance to thyroid hormone (RTH) is a condition caused by a mutation in the thyroid hormone receptor gene. It is rarely reported in individuals with no family history of RTH or in premature infants, and its clinical presentation varies. In our case, a premature infant with no family history of thyroid diseases had a thyroid stimulating hormone level of 85.0 µIU/mL and free thyroxine level of 1.64 ng/dL on a thyroid function test. The patient also presented with clinical signs of hypothyroidism, including difficulties in feeding and weight gain. The patient was treated with levothyroxine; however, only free thyroxine and triiodothyronine levels increased without a decrease in thyroid-stimulating hormone levels. Taken together with thyroid gland hypertrophy observed on a previous ultrasound examination, RTH was suspected and the diagnosis was eventually made based on a genetic test. A de novo mutation in the thyroid hormone receptor β gene in the infant was found that has not been previously reported. Other symptoms included tachycardia and pulmonary hypertension, but gradual improvement in the symptoms was observed after liothyronine administration. This report describes a case involving a premature infant with RTH and a de novo mutation, with no family history of thyroid disease.

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References

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