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Early Frost Damage and Diagnose of Damage Depth Due to Early Frost Damage of the Concrete According to the Thickness of Members

부재 두께 변화에 따른 콘크리트의 초기동해 특성 분석 및 깊이진단

  • Kim, Tae-Woo (Department of Architectural Engineering, Cheong ju University) ;
  • Han, Min-Cheol (Department of Architectural Engineering, Cheong ju University)
  • Received : 2019.01.21
  • Accepted : 2019.03.27
  • Published : 2019.04.20

Abstract

Recently, there are many structures exposed to severe outdoor environments, which results in rapid degradation of durability of the concrete structures. there can be rapid deterioration of the concrete structures from early frost damage due to the insufficient curing in low outdoor temperature condition. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of thickness change conditions and binding material on early frost damage depth of the concrete exposed to cold weather in winter, and is to clearly assess damage depth of the concrete structure due to early frost damage. Specimens with 300x300x(150, 200, 250, 300mm) were prepared. OPC and OPC+FA+BS were adopted for binders. Test results indicate that the depth of the early frost damage was deeper with the decrease of thickness of members. The brightness of specimens were reduced when the member thickness was thinner. When determining the depth of early frost damage, it can be distinguished into dark color and relatively bright color when dried for approximately 30 minutes in the indoors of $20^{\circ}C$ in temperature and 60% in relative humidity after submerging in water for 24 hours. The dark colored part can be determined easily when measured with vernier calipers.

최근에는 열악한 환경에 노출되는 콘크리트 구조물의 품질 확보에 대하여 관심이 증대되고 있다. 그 중에서 낮은 외 기온 조건에서의 초기양생 불량은 콘크리트 구조물의 초기 동해 피해를 일으킬 수 있는 것으로 알려지고 있다. 그러므로 본 연구에서는 겨울철 외기온 조건에서 결합재 종류 및 콘크리트 부재 두께 변화가 콘크리트의 초기동해 깊이에 미치는 영향 분석 및 초기동해 피해를 입은 구조체에 대하여 그 깊이를 명확히 판정하고자 하였다. 실험결과 초기동해피해의 경우 3성분계 혼합시멘트를 사용하고, 부재 두께가 얇을수록 초기동해 깊이가 깊고 코어 공시체의 명도 증가가 지연되었는데, 이는 초기발열량 저하로 콘크리트의 조직 이완이 용이하게 발생하여 흡수율이 증가하기 때문인 것으로 분석된다. 초기동해 깊이 판정은 24시간 침수 후 온도 $20^{\circ}C$, 상대습도 60 %전후인 실내에서 30분 전후로 건조를 시킬 경우 명도값(L) 45 이하의 짙은색과 밝은색으로 구별되는데, 짙은 색부분을 버니어캘리퍼스 등으로 측정하면 손쉽게 판단할 수 있다.

Keywords

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Figure 1. Mixing protocol for concrete mixture

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Figure 2. Specimen set-ups

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Figure 3. Temperature history with age (OPC 100%)

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Figure 4. Temperature history with age (OPC:FA:BS=65:15:20%)

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Figure 5. Brightness with elapsed time (OPC 100 %)

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Figure 6. Brightness with elapsed time (OPC:FA:BS=65:15:20 %)

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Figure 7. Depth of early frost damage with thickness

Table 1. Experimental plan

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Table 2. Mixture proportions of concrete

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Table 3. Physical properties of cement

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Table 4. Physical and chemical properties of FA

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Table 5. Physical and chemical properties of BS

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Table 6. Physical properties of aggregate

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Table 7. Experimental method

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Table 8. Fundamental characteristics of concrete

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Table 9. Variations of colors of core specimen between damage part and sound part

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