DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

A Study of Improving Fuel Droplet Movement with Sonic Wave Radiation

음파를 이용한 연료 입자 운동성 향상에 관한 연구

  • Min, Sunki (Division of Automotive Engineering, Ajou Motor College)
  • 민선기 (아주자동차대학 자동차계열)
  • Received : 2019.08.07
  • Accepted : 2019.12.06
  • Published : 2019.12.31

Abstract

NOx (Nitrogen oxide) in the exhaust gas from vehicle engines is considered one of the most harmful substances in air pollution problems. NOx is made when combustion occurs under high temperature conditions and EGR (exhaust gas recirculation) is normally used to lower the combustion temperature. As the EGR ratio increases, the NOx level becomes low, but a high EGR ratio makes the combustion unstable and causes further air pollution problems, such as CO and unburned hydrocarbon level increase. This study showed that fuel droplets could move more freely by the radiation of sonic wave for the stable combustion. In addition, the engine performance improved with increasing EGR ratio. As a basic study, the effect of sonic wave radiation on the velocity of fuel droplets was studied using CFD software. The results showed that the velocity of small droplets increased more under high frequency sonic wave conditions and the velocity of the large droplets increased at low frequency sonic wave conditions. In addition, an engine analysis model was used to study the effects of the increased combustion stability. These results showed that a 15% increase in EGR ratio in combustion resulted in a 45% decrease in NOx and a 10% increase in thermal efficiency.

자동차 배기가스에 포함된 질소산화물은 심각한 대기 오염을 일으키는 주요한 요인 중의 하나이다. 질소산화물은 연소가 고온 조건에서 진행되는 경우에 생성되므로 일반적으로 배기가스 재순환 방법을 사용하여 연소 온도를 낮추어 저감시킨다. 배기가스 재순환 비율이 높아질수록 질소산화물의 양은 감소하나 연소가 불안정하게 되어 일산화탄소와 연소실 내의 연료가 연소 되지 않고 나오는 미연탄화수소의 양이 증가하여 오히려 오염물질을 증가시킨다. 본 논문에서는 연소 안정성 향상을 위해 연료 입자에 음파를 조사하여 연료 입자의 움직임을 증가시는 방안 및 배기가스재순환 비율의 증가에 따른 엔진 성능 향상에 대하여 연구하였다. 이에 대한 기본 연구로, 유동해석 소프트웨어를 사용하여 여러 주파수의 음파를 연료 입자에 조사하여 연료 입자의 속도 변화에 대한 연구를 진행하였다. 해석 결과, 연료 입자의 크기가 크면 저주파의 음파에 의해, 연료 입자의 크기가 작으면 고주파의 음파에 의해 영향을 많이 받음을 알 수 있었다. 또한 연소 안정성 향상이 엔진 성능에 미치는 영향에 대해 엔진 해석 모델을 사용하여 연구하였다. 해석 결과, 배기가스 재순환 비율을 15% 증가시킨 경우, 질소산화물의 농도가 45% 저감되고, 열효율이 10% 향상됨을 확인하였다.

Keywords

References

  1. Y. Cho, J. Koo, J. Kim, S. Kim, C. Bae, S. Oh, K. Kang, "Performance and emission characteristics in a spark-ignition LPG engine with exhaust gas recirculation", Proceedings of Fall KASE Conference 2000-03-2153, KSAE, Korea, pp.211-216, Nov. 2000.
  2. H. Ha, J. Shin, S. Pyo, H. Jung, J. Kang, "A study on the strategy if fuel injection timing according to application of exhaust gas recirculation for off-road engine", Tansactions of KSAE, Vol. 24, No. 4, pp.447-453, 2016. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7467/KSAE.2016.24.4.447
  3. C. Park, C. Kim, "A study on oerating condition for gasoline-hybrid engine with EGR", Proceedings of Fall KASE Conference KASEE07-F0010, KSAE, Korea, pp.60-65, Nov. 2000.
  4. I. Park, S. Hong, M. Sunwoo, "Gain-schedules EGR control algorithm for light-duty diesel engines with static-gain parameter modeling", International Journal of Automotive Technology, Vol.18, No.4, pp.579-587, 2017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12239-017-0058-9
  5. T. Kim, C. Ha, H. Lee, J. Lee, K.Chun, "Effects of the intake venturi and throttle adaption on EGR rates and emissions in a HSDI diesel engine", Proceedings of Spring KSAE Conference KSAE03-S0032, KSAE, Korea, pp.197-202, May 2003.
  6. B. Baek, S. Jang, O. Lim, "Fuel injection characteristics analysis based on fuel ratio of gasoline-biodiesel blended fuel by experiment", Proceedings of Spring KSAE Conference, KSAE, Korea, pp.332, May 2019.
  7. B. Kim, N. Miyamoto, "A study on the combustion characteristics of diesel fuel droplet with additive oxgenate and paraffin", Transactions of KSAE, Vol.14, No.2, pp.49-56, 2006.
  8. H. Kwak, C. Myung, S. Park, D. Chun, "Effect of EGR on engine performance and exhaust emission characteristics in LPLi engine", Proceedings of Industry-Academia Conference 2002, KSAE, Korea, pp.77-82, Nov. 2002.
  9. Y. Cho, J. Koo, J. Jang, C. Bae, "Performance and emission characteristics in a spark-ignition LPG engine with exhaust gas recirculation", Transactions of KSAE, Vol.10, No.1, pp.24-31, 2002.
  10. I. Park, S. Hong, M. Sunwoo, "Model-based gain scheduling strategy for air-to-fuel ratio control algorithm of passenger car diesel engines", Transactions of KSAE, Vol.23, No.1, pp.56-64, 2015. DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.7467/KSAE.2015.23.1.056
  11. M. Lee, T. Lee, J. Ha, S. Chung, "A study on characteristics of soot formation in free fuel droplet array", Transactions of KSAE, Vol.7, No.2, pp.116-125, 1999.
  12. S. Im, Y. Jung, D. Choi, S. Cho, J. Ryu, "A Study on the application characteristics of ultrasonically irritated methane blened fuel in gasoline engine", Proceedings of Spring KSAE Conference KSAE06-S0029, KSAE, Korea, pp.178-183, May. 2006.
  13. B. Lee, Y. Kim, "Effects of the smoke reduction of diesel engine operated with ultrasonic reformed fuel", Transactions of KSAE, Vol. 18, No. 3, pp. 88-94, 2010