Korean journal of applied entomology (한국응용곤충학회지)

Korean Society of Applied Entomology (한국응용곤충학회)
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Field Application Techniques of Simultaneous Mating Disruptor Against Grapholita molesta and G. dimorpha

복숭아순나방과 복숭아순나방붙이에 대한 동시 교미교란제의 현장 적용 기술

  • Cho, Jum-Rae (Department of Agro-food Safety and Crop Protection, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Park, Chang-Gyu (Department of Industrial Entomology, Korea National College of Agriculture and Fisheries) ;
  • Park, Il-Kweon (Department of Forest Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University) ;
  • Kim, Yonggyun (Department of Plant Medicals, Andong National University)
  • 조점래 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 작물보호과) ;
  • 박창규 (한국농수산대학 산업곤충학과) ;
  • 박일권 (서울대학교 농업생명과학대학 산림과학부) ;
  • 김용균 (안동대학교 식물의학과)
  • Received : 2018.07.26
  • Accepted : 2018.08.24
  • Published : 2018.09.01
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Abstract

Mating disruption (MD) has been widely used to effectively control Grapholita molesta in apple orchards. A simultaneous mating disruption (SMD) techniques have been developed to control both G. molesta and G. dimorpha. This study was performed to determine the practical parameters to apply the SMD technique to field conditions. To determine the application amount of SMD lures, a dispenser containing 10 mg pheromone was placed at different numbers of trees in an orchard. Application at every other tree (= one dispenser per two trees) was relatively safe to expect effective MD efficiency in both wax and polyethylene (PE) formulations. One time application at the end of March was enough to maintain a year round MD efficacy against both species. A fence treatment using food trap was applied to prevent any immigratory mated females from nearby untreated regions. To enhance the food trap by adding host-derived secondary compounds, terpinyl acetate (TA) was screened to be effective to attract females of Grapholita molesta among six compounds contained in apple fruit extracts. Among different TA concentrations, 0.05% TA treatment was the most effective to attract the adults. A mixture of TA and sugar was effective to attract and kill females and called FAKT (female attract-to-kill techniques). FAKT was treated at approximately 6 m interval at the edge of the apple orchards. The females trapped by the FAKT included mated females possessing vitellogenic oocytes. SMD supplemented with FAKT maintained the high MD efficacy and significantly suppressed leaf damage induced by the two insect pests compared to control or single SMD treatment.

교미교란(mating disruption, MD) 기술이 사과에 피해를 주는 복숭아순나방(Grapholita molesta) 방제에 널리 사용되고 있다. 복숭아순나방과 복숭아순나방붙이를 동시에 교미교란(simultaneous MD, SMD)하는 기술이 최근에 개발되었다. 본 연구는 이 SMD 기술을 현장에 접목하는 데 필요한 요인들을 결정하기 위해 수행되었다. SMD 처리 농도를 결정하기 위해 각 처리 지점에 10 mg의 성페로몬을 여러 가지 밀도로 사과나무에 처리하였다. 처리된 세 농도 가운데 두 나무마다 하나의 SMD 처리가 비교적 안정적으로 MD 효과를 유지하였다. 이러한 SMD 효과는 왁스 및 polyethylene 제형 모두에서 나타났다. 두 사과나무마다 하나의 SMD 처리 농도로 3월 말에 1회 처리한 경우 수확기까지 복숭아순나방과 복숭아순나방붙이에 대해 효과적 교미교란을 유지시켰다. 인근 무처리 과수원에서 SMD 처리 과수원으로 이주하여 들어오는 교미된 암컷의 이입을 막기 위해 울타리 처리 기술이 적용되었다. 암컷 유인제를 개발하기 위해 6종류의 사과 과실 추출물에 포함된 화합물 가운데 terpinyl acetate (TA)가 선발되었다. 서로 다른 TA 농도 처리에서 0.05%가 성충 유인에 가장 효과적이었다. TA와 설탕을 혼합한 것을 암컷유살제(female attract-to-kill technique, FAKT)라 명명하였다. 사과 과수원 가장자리를 따라 6 m 간격으로 FAKT를 설치한 울타리 처리는 교미된 암컷을 포획하였고, 이들은 난황형성과정을 진행하고 있는 난모세포를 지니고 있었다. FAKT가 가미된 SMD 처리는 높은 MD 효율을 유지하는 것은 물론이고 SMD 단독 처리에 비해 신초 피해를 현격하게 줄였다.

Keywords

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