한국경제지리학회지 (Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea)

  • 제21권4호
  • /
  • Pages.425-437
  • /
  • 2018
  • /
  • 1226-8968(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2713-9115(eISSN)
한국경제지리학회 (The Economic Geographical Society of Korea)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

독일의 지역산업 클러스터정책

Clusterförderung und -politik in Deutschland

  • Ahn, Young-Jin (Department of Geography, College of Social Sciences, Chonnam National University)
  • 투고 : 2018.12.21
  • 발행 : 2018.12.31
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

지난 1990년대 이후 가치사슬을 따라 상호 긴밀히 연계된 기업들과 연구 및 교육 그리고 기술이전 기관 그리고 이를 뒷받침하는 기타 공공 및 준공공 기관들이 공간적 집적을 이루며 형성되는 클러스터는 학술적 연구대상뿐 아니라 각종 혁신 및 지역 정책의 목표가 되고 있다. 독일은 지난 20여 년 동안 지역산업 경쟁력 제고와 혁신을 위하여 다양한 클러스터 육성정책을 추진해 오고 있으며, 이들 정책 중 일부는 성공적인 것으로 평가받고 있다. 이 연구는 독일 지역산업 클러스터의 육성 및 발전정책을 살펴보는데 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 이 연구는 먼저 클러스터 및 클러스터정책의 개념을 이론적으로 개관하고, 뒤이어 독일 연방정부의 클러스터정책의 형성 및 역사적 전개과정을 설명한다.

Since the 1990s, clusters defined as a geographic concentration of interconnected companies, research and educational institutions, technology transfer agencies, and other public or semi-public institutions in a particular field have not only been subject to academic research, but have also become goals for various innovation and regional policies. Over the past 20 years Germany at both the Federal and $L{\ddot{a}}nder$ levels has been pursuing various cluster promotion policies and initiatives for upgrading industries' competitiveness and innovations, and some of these measures have been evaluated as successful. This study aims to examine the industrial cluster promotion policy of Germany. For this purpose, the study first outlines the concept of cluster and cluster policy theoretically, and then explores the formation and historical development of cluster polices of the German federal government.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Arndt, O., Koch, T., Volkert, B. und Bohm, D., 2009, Analytische und konzeptionelle Grundlagen zur Clusterpolitik in Baden-Wurttemberg, Berlin: Prognos AG.
  2. Bathelt, H. und Gluckler, J., 2012, Wirtschaftsgeographie - Okonomische Beziehungen in raumlicher Perspektive (3. Aufl.), Stuttgart: Eugen Ulmer KG.
  3. Beck, R. C., Heinze, R. G. und Schmid, S. (Hrsg.), 2014, Zukunft der Wirtschaftsforderung, Baden-Baden: Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft.
  4. Benner, M., 2012a, Clusterpolitik - Wege zur Verknupfung von Theorie und politishcer Umsetzung, Berlin: Lit.
  5. Benner, M., 2012b, Cluster Policy: Principles and a Toolbox (=SPACES online, Vol. 10, Issue 2012-01), Toronto and Heidelberg: www.spaces-online.com.
  6. Borras, S. and Tsagdis, D., 2008, Cluster Policies in Europe - Firms, Institutions, and Governance, Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
  7. Bovenschulte, M., 2013, "Transferpotenziale fur die wissensbasierte Regionalentwicklung," Institut fur Innovation und Technik (Hrsg.), Cluster - Zwischen hard facts und soft factors Jahresbericht 2012, Berlin, pp.47-51.
  8. Buhl, C. M. und Meier zu Kocker, G., 2011, Uberblick: Netzwerk- und Clusteraktivitaten der Bundeslander, Berlin.
  9. Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), 2018, Bundesbericht Forschung und Innovation 2018 - Forschungs- und innovationspolitische Ziele und MaBnahmen, Berlin: BMBF.
  10. Bundesministerium fur Wirtschaft und Energie (BMWi), 2014, Cluster Monitor Deutschland, Berlin: BMWi.
  11. Bundesministeriumfur Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), 2015, Deutschlands Spitzencluster / Germany's Leading-Edge Clusters, Berlin: BMBF.
  12. Choo, S., 2013, "Industrial Cluster: Still a Valid Policy Tool for the Creative Economy in Korea?," Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea 16(4), pp.551-566 (auf Koreanisch). https://doi.org/10.23841/egsk.2013.16.4.551
  13. Commission of Experts for Research and Innovation, 2015, Report on research, innovation and technological performance in Germany 2015, Berlin: EFI.
  14. Commission of Experts for Research and Innovation, 2017, Report on research, innovation and technological performance in Germany 2017, Berlin: EFI.
  15. Dohse, D., 2005, "Clusterorientierte Technologiepolitik in Deutschland: Konzepte und Erfahrungen," Technikfolgeabschatzung - Theorie und Praxis 14(1), pp.33-41.
  16. Europaische Kommission, 2002, Regionale Cluster in Europa, Luxemburg: Amt fur Amtliche Veroff. der Europ. Gemeinschaften.
  17. Expertenkommission Forschung und Innovation (EFI) (Hrsg.), 2015, Gutachten zu Forschung, Innovation und technologischer Leistungsfahigkeit Deutschlands 2015, Berlin: EFI.
  18. Expertenkommission Forschung und Innovation (EFI) (Hrsg.), 2017, Gutachten zu Forschung, Innovation und technologischer Leistungsfahigkeit Deutschlands 2017, Berlin: EFI.
  19. Hagemann, H., Julian, C., Rukwid, R. und Erber, G., 2011, Die Bedeutung von Innovationsclustern, sektoralen und regionalen Innovationssystemen zur Starkung der globalen Wettbewerbsfahigkeit der baden-wurttembergischen Wirtschaft, Hohenheim.
  20. Hantsch, S., Kergel, H., Lammer-Gamp, T., Meier zu Kocker, G. and Nerger, M., 2013, Cluster Management Excellence in Germany - German clusters in comparison with European peers, Berlin: European Secretariat for Cluster Analysis (ESCA) & Institute for Innovation and Technology (iit).
  21. Jappe-Heinze, A., Baier, E. und Kroll, H., 2008, Clusterpolitik - Kriterien fur die Evaluation von regionalen Clusterinitiativen, Karlsruhe: Fraunhofer ISI.
  22. Kiese, M., 2009, "Die Clusterpolitik deutscher Lander und Regionen als Herausforderung fur die Evaluation," Wessels, K. (Hrsg.), Cluster- und Netzwerkevaluation, Berlin: Institut fur Innovation und Technik, pp.27-38.
  23. Kiese, M., 2012, Regionale Clusterpolitik in Deutschland - Bestandsaufnahme und interregionaler Vergleich im Spannungsfeld von Theorie und Praxis, Marburg: Metropolis Verlag.
  24. Kiese, M., 2013, "Regional cluster policies in Germany - A multi-level governance perspective on policy learning," European Review of Industrial Economics and Policy 5, http://revel.unice.fr/eriep/index.html?id=3543.
  25. Kulicke, M., 2009, "Cluster- und Netzwerkevaluation - eine kurze Bestandsaufnahme," Wessels, K. (Hrsg.), Cluster- und Netzwerkevaluation, Berlin: Institut fur Innovation und Technik, pp.11-19.
  26. Lammer-Gamp, T., 2012, "Leistungsfahige Cluster als Instrument der Wirtschaftspolitik - worin unterscheiden sich deutsche Cluster von anderen? - Ein Blick nach Frankreich und Norwegen," Wessels, K. (Hrsg.), Cluster- und Netzwerkevaluation - Aktuelle Beispiele aus der Praxis, Berlin: Institut fur Innovation und Technik, pp.14-19.
  27. Lee, J. H. and Lee, C. W., 2008, "Reconsidering the Concept, Typology and Theories of Agglomeration and Cluster in Economic Geography," Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea 11(3), pp.302-318 (auf Koreanisch). https://doi.org/10.23841/egsk.2008.11.3.302
  28. Martin, R. and Sunley, P., 2003, "Deconstructing clusters: chaotic concept or policy panacea?," Journal of Economic Geography 3(1), pp.5-35. https://doi.org/10.1093/jeg/3.1.5
  29. Meier zu Kocker, G. und Garnatz, L., 2010, Cluster als Instrumente zur Initiierung von FuE-Aktivitaten zwischen Deutschland und Korea, Berlin: Institut fur Innovation und Technik.
  30. Nam, K. B., 2004, "The Paradox of Cluster Policy: Lessons form the Worst Practices," Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea 7(3), pp.407-432 (auf Koreanisch).
  31. OECD (ed.), 1999, Boosting Innovation - The Cluster Approach, Paris: OECD.
  32. OECD (ed.), 2001, Innovative Clusters - Drivers of National Innovation Systems, Paris: OECD.
  33. OECD, 2007, Competitive Regional Clusters - National Policy Approaches, Paris: OECD.
  34. Porter, M. E., 1998, "Clusters and Competition: New Agendas for Companies, Governments and Institutions," Porter, M. E. (ed.), On Competition, Boston: The Harvard Business School Publishing, pp.197-287.
  35. Rothgang, M., Cantner, U., Dehio1, J., Engel1, D., Fertig, M., Graf, H., Hinzmann, S., Linshalm, E., Ploder, M., Scholz, A.-M. and Topfer, S., 2017, "Cluster Policy: Insights from the German Leading Edge Cluster Competition," Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity 3(3), 18, DOI 10.1186/s40852-017-0064-1.
  36. Stahlecker, T. and Kroll, H., 2012, The Cluster concept as a multi-dimensional thematic field - Methodological and substantive perspectives, Karlsruhe: Faunhofer ISI.
  37. Wessels, K. (Hrsg.), 2009, Cluster- und Netzwerkevaluation - Aktuelle Beispiele aus der Praxis, Berlin: Institut fur Innovation und Technik.