Assessment of Potential Renal Dysfunction in Patients with Congenital Heart Disease after Biventricular Repair

Background and Objectives: There are few reports on renal dysfunction in the remote period after biventricular repair, and biomarkers for early detection of renal dysfunction are not well understood. We examined whether early fluctuation of biomarkers of renal function occurs in the remote period after biventricular repair in patients with congenital heart disease (CHD). Methods: Fourteen patients with CHD after biventricular repair were included. The examination values obtained by cardiac catheterization test and renal function indices based on blood and urine sampling were compared. Results: The median estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of creatinine was $113mL/min/1.73m^2$, and the median eGFR of cystatin C was $117mL/min/1.73m^2$. A urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) ${\geq}10mg/gCr$ was considered a risk factor for cardiovascular disease in 6 (43%) patients. There was a significant difference in right ventricular ejection fraction and deviation in right ventricular end-diastolic volume from the normal value between the 2 groups divided by UACR. Cyanosis before biventricular repair was noted in 2 (25%) patients with UACR <10 mg/gCr and in 4 (67%) patients with UACR ${\geq}10mg/gCr$. Conclusions: Increased UACR was noted in 43% of patients. In patients with UACR ${\geq}10mg/gCr$, right heart system abnormality was observed, and several patients had cyanosis before radical treatment. Measurement for UACR may be able to detect renal dysfunction early in the postoperative remote period.