Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment (한국물환경학회지)

Korean Society on Water Environment (한국물환경학회)
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Estimation of Ecosystem Metabolism Using High-frequency DO and Water Temperature Sensor Data in Daecheong Lake

고빈도 DO 및 수온 센서 자료를 이용한 대청호 생태계 신진대사 산정

  • Kim, Sung-Jin (Department of Environmental Engineering Chungbuk National University) ;
  • Chung, Se-Woong (Department of Environmental Engineering Chungbuk National University) ;
  • Park, Hyungseok (Department of Environmental Engineering Chungbuk National University) ;
  • Oh, Jungkuk (KEPA (Korea Environmental Preservation Association) Technical Support Department) ;
  • Park, Daeyeon (Department of Environmental Engineering Chungbuk National University)
  • Received : 2018.08.30
  • Accepted : 2018.10.12
  • Published : 2018.11.30
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Abstract

The lakes' metabolism bears important information for the assessment of the carbon budget due to the accumulation or loss of carbon in the lake as well as the dynamics of the food webs through primary production. A lake-scale metabolism is evaluated by Gross Primary Production (GPP), Ecosystem Respiration (R), and Net Ecosystem Production (NEP), which is the difference between the first two values. Methods for estimating GPP and R are based on the levels carbon and oxygen. Estimation of carbon is expensive because of the use of radioactive materials which requires a high degree of proficiency. The purpose of this study was to estimate Lake Daecheong ecosystem metabolism using high frequency water temperature data and DO measurement sensor, widely utilized in the field of water quality monitoring, and to evaluate the possibility of using the application method. High frequency data was collected at intervals of 10 minutes from September to December 2017 by installing a thermistor chain and a DO sensor in downstream of Daechung Dam. The data was then used to estimate GPP, R and NEP using the R public program LakeMetabolizer, and other metabolism models (mle, ols, kalman, bookkeep). Calculations of gas exchange coefficient methods (cole, crusius, heiskanen, macIntyre, read, soloviev, vachon) were compared. According to the result, Lake Daecheong has some deviation based on the application method, but it was generally estimated that the NEP value is negative and acts as a source of atmospheric carbon in a heterotrophic system. Although the high frequency sensor data used in this study had negative and positive GPP and R values during the physical mixing process, they can be used to monitor real-time metabolic changes in the ecosystem if these problems are solved.

Keywords

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Fig. 1. Location of the study site and monitoring station.

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Fig. 2. Temporal variations of (a) air temperature, (b) Lake number, (c) Schmidt stability, and (d) time-depth profile of water temperature.

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Fig. 3. Temporal variations of (a) wind speed, (b) photo-synthetically active radiation (PAR), and (c) DO deviations from saturation.

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Fig. 4. Temporal variations of Net Ecosystem Production (NEP) according to metabolism model in Daechung Lake ((a): cole, (b): crusius, (c): vachon, (d): macIntyre).

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Fig. 5. Estimate results of metabolism according to k.gas in Daechung Lake (co:cole, cr:crusius, he:heiskanen, ma:macIntyre, re:read, so:soloviev, va:vachon)

Table 1. Required input data and corresponding estimation functions used to calculate lake metabolism by LakeMetabolizer

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Table 2. Comparisons of the structure of the 4 different metabolism models included in LakeMetabolizer

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Table 3. Required time series and metadata inputs for each gas flux coefficient model

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Table 4. Estimated Gross Primary Production (GPP) rates according to metabolism model in Daechung Lake

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Table 5. Estimated Ecosystem Respiration (R) rates according to metabolism model in Daechung Lake

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Table 6. Estimated Net Ecosystem Production (NEP) rates according to metabolism model in Daechung Lake

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Table 7. Comparison of Gross Primary Production (GPP) rates estimated in this study with previous studies

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