A Study on the Composition Features of Educational Facilities for Timber Structure in Japan with respect to Structural Planning

구조계획 측면에서 본 일본 목구조 교육시설의 구성특성 분석

Abstract

In order to figure out the usability of various timber structures in the educational facility, the recent timber structure examples published in the Japanese architectural magazine, 'ShinKenchiku' over the past five years were surveyed. As the results, timber structures were presented in many cases of nursery schools and kindergartens overwhelmingly, and they also used in various school buildings, university facilities, and the roof structure of the school's gymnasium, with intention of having the differentiated design and space features. The examples show that span 6 to 10m is generally used with flexure structure system and flexure+compression structure system added the strut as compression members. In addition concerning stability, it was founded that the struts have an stability effect in the flexure+compression structure system, and flexure structure system examples using semi-rigid joints have open spaces liberally in two-way direction for about 9m span. For large spaces structures with span of 15~20m or more, the various structural system such as suspension structure, truss, flexure+compression, etc. was designed to overcome the material limitations of timbers and to make an design effect in structure system.

Figure 1. Images of Saitama univ. Monotsukuri center(S-5)

Figure 2. Structures of T-NURSERY School(N-4)

Figure 3. Compositions of Timber Suspension Roof

Figure 4. Structure System of Kawaguchiko Nursery School(N-15)

Figure 5. Structure System of Miyaagi Gakuin Preschool(K-13)

Table 1. Uses and Volume of Educational Facility Examples with Timber Structure

Table 2. Educational Facility Examples with Timber Structure_Nursery school

Table 3. Educational Facility Examples with Timber Structure_Nursery school

Table 4. Educational Facility Examples with Timber Structure_Kindergarten

Table 5. Structure Systems and Span in Timber Structure

Table 6. Educational Facility Examples with Timber Structure_Kindergarten

Table 7. Educational Facility Examples with Timber Structure_School

Table 8. Educational Facility Examples with Timber Structure_School Gymnasium