Economic and Environmental Geology (자원환경지질)

The Korean Society of Economic and Environmental Geology (대한자원환경지질학회)
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Evaluation on Geological Structures to Secure Long-term Safety of Nuclear Facility Sites

원자력시설물 부지의 장기적 안전성 확보를 위한 지질구조 평가

  • Jin, Kwangmin (Climate Change Mitigation and Sustainability Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources) ;
  • Kim, Young-Seog (Department of Earth & Environmental Sciences, Environmental and Marine Sciences and Technology, Pukyong National University)
  • 진광민 (한국지질자원연구원 전략기술연구본부) ;
  • 김영석 (부경대학교 환경해양대학 지구환경과학과)
  • Received : 2018.03.12
  • Accepted : 2018.04.06
  • Published : 2018.04.28
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Abstract

Many large earthquakes have continuously been reported and resulted in significant human casualties and extensive damages to properties globally. The accident of Fukushima nuclear power plant in Japan was caused by a mega-tsunami, which is a secondary effect associated with the Tohoku large earthquake (M=9.0, 2011. 3. 11.). Most earthquakes occur by reactivation of pre-existing active faults. Therefore, the importance of paleoseismological study have greatly been increased. The Korean peninsula has generally been considered to be a tectonically stable region compared with neighboring countries such as Japan and Taiwan, because it is located on the margin of the Eurasian intra-continental region. However, the recent earthquakes in Gyeongju and Pohang have brought considerable insecurity on earthquake hazard. In particular, this region should be secure against earthquake, because many nuclear facilties and large industrial facilities are located in this area. However, some large earthquakes have been reported in historic documents and also several active faults have been reported in southeast Korea. This study explains the evaluation methods of geological structures on active fault, fault damage zone, the relationship between earthquake and active fault, and respect distance. This study can contribute to selection of safe locations for nuclear facilities and to earthquake hazards and disaster prevention.

전 세계적으로 대규모 지진의 발생과 이로 인한 인명피해와 재산피해는 끊임없이 발생하고 있다. 특히 일본의 동일본 대지진(M=9.0; 2011. 3. 11.)은 이로 인한 쓰나미의 발생으로 상당한 인명피해와 경제적 손실을 가져왔고, 후쿠시마 원전사고를 유발하였다. 대부분의 지진은 기존 활성단층들의 재활성에 의해 발생한다. 따라서 활성단층에 의한 지진의 재발특성을 이해하기 위한 고지진학적 연구가 활발히 수행되고 있다. 우리나라는 유라시아판 내부에 위치하여 이웃한 일본이나 대만과 같은 나라들에 비해 지진으로부터 안전지대로 여겨져 왔다. 그러나 최근 경주지진(M=5.8; 2016. 9. 12.)과 포항지진(M=5.4; 2017, 11. 15.)으로 인해 우리나라에서도 지진재해에 대한 불안감이 증가하고 있다. 특히 이 지역은 많은 원자력관련 시설물들과 대규모 산업단지가 밀집되어 있는 지역들로 지진재해로부터 극도의 안전성이 확보되어야 한다. 그러나 한반도 남동부의 경우 대규모 지진들이 제4기뿐만 아니라 역사시대에도 자주 발생한 것으로 보고되고 있다. 따라서 지진에 의한 피해를 줄이기 위해서는 활성단층을 추적하고, 활성단층을 따른 지표파열의 특성을 파악하여 해당지역에서의 지진과 단층의 거동특성을 이해하는 것이 중요하다. 이 연구에서는 극도의 안전성 확보가 필요한 원자력관련시설물들의 부지 선정을 위한 활성단층, 단층손상대, 지진과 활성단층의 상관성, 그리고 이격거리 등의 구조지질학적 평가방법을 설명하고, 이를 통해 안전한 원자력관련 시설물의 부지선정뿐만 아니라 지진재해와 방재에 유용한 정보를 제공하고자 한다.

Keywords

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