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국내 귀리품종 탈부특성에 따른 품질 및 유연관계 분석

Quality and genetic relationship on dehulling characteristic in oat variety

  • 김경민 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 남부작물부) ;
  • 신동진 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 남부작물부) ;
  • 김경훈 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 남부작물부) ;
  • 권유리 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 남부작물부) ;
  • 박효진 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 남부작물부) ;
  • 현종내 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 남부작물부) ;
  • 김영진 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 남부작물부) ;
  • 오명규 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 남부작물부) ;
  • 박영훈 (국립부산대학교 생명자원과학대학 원예생명과학)
  • Kim, Kyeong-Min (Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rurar Development Administration) ;
  • Shin, Dongjin (Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rurar Development Administration) ;
  • Kim, Kyeong-Hoon (Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rurar Development Administration) ;
  • Kwon, Yu-Ri (Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rurar Development Administration) ;
  • Park, Hyo-Jin (Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rurar Development Administration) ;
  • Hyun, Jong-Nae (Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rurar Development Administration) ;
  • Kim, Young-Jin (Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rurar Development Administration) ;
  • Oh, Myung-Kyu (Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rurar Development Administration) ;
  • Park, Young-Hoon (Department of Horticultural Bioscience, Pusan National University)
  • 투고 : 2018.10.22
  • 심사 : 2018.12.05
  • 발행 : 2018.12.31

초록

귀리(Avena Sativa L., Oat)에서 이삭모양과 탈부특성이 다른 겉귀리와 쌀귀리를 품질특성으로 구분하고자 12 품종 귀리종실의 이화학적 특성 및 식이섬유를 분석하였고, 61개의 SSR 분자마커를 이용하여 근연관계 및 조양 판별 마커조합을 설정하였으며 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 공시한 12개의 귀리 품종을 생육조사 한 결과 쌀귀리는 이삭의 한 소수에서 영화수가 4~5개 생기는데 비해 겉귀리는 2~3개 생겼으며, 탈곡 후 종실의 껍질 유무 또한 쌀귀리는 없었고 겉귀리는 껍질이 남아있는 형태로 기존에 알려진 것과 같은 결과를 보였다. 2. 단백질은 쌀귀리가 13.45 ~ 16.56%, 겉귀리는 12.95 ~ 15.31%의 함량 분포를 나타내었으며, 지방은 쌀귀리가 7.26 ~ 10.34%, 겉귀리는 7.53 ~ 10.82%의 함량 분포를 나타내었으며, 베타글루칸은 쌀귀리가 4.19 ~ 5.05%, 겉귀리는 3.49 ~ 5.60%의 함량 분포를 나타내어 귀리 품종 간에는 품질특성이 차이가 나타났으나 쌀귀리와 겉귀리를 구분 할 수 있을 정도는 아니었다. 3. 지방산 조성 비율은 쌀귀리가 겉귀리에 비해 올레인산(C18:1, Oleic acid, 40.2 ~ 50.9%)과 스테아르산(C18:0, Stearic acid, 1.2 ~ 2.5%)이 높은 비율을 나타냈으며, 겉귀리는 쌀귀리에 비해 리놀레산(C18:2, Linoleic acid, 30.6 ~ 41.2%)과 리놀렌산(C18:3, Linolenic acid, 0.7 ~ 1.3%)이 더 높은 비율을 보였다. 4. 귀리의 근연관계는 계수(Coefficient) 1.22에서 그룹 하여 정리한 결과 겉귀리 6품종과 쌀귀리 1품종으로 그룹 되었고 유전적 거리(Genetic Distance)는 '동한'과 '태한'이 가장 가깝게 나타났으며 다음은 '풍한', '삼한', '옥한', '조풍', '중모2005' 순으로 나타났다. 계수(Coefficient) 1.22에서 그룹 되지 않은 귀리는 겉귀리 1품종과 쌀귀리 4품종으로 '수양', '다한', '대양', '선양', '조양' 순으로 그룹에서 먼 것으로 나타나 대체적으로 겉귀리와 쌀귀리가 서로 멀게 나타났다. 5. 12개의 귀리품종에 61개의 SSR maker를 이용하여 분석한 결과 '조양'은 AM28, 29, 32, 34, 36의 5개 SSR마커에서 다른 품종과 다른 밴드 패턴을 나타내어 품종 구분이 가능하였다.

The consumption of oats (Avena sativa L.) with high nutritional utility is accelerating due to the increased consumers' demand for functional foods. In Korea, naked oats are used as food, while covered oats are used for animal feed. However, it is difficult to distinguish naked oats from covered oats when the husk is removed from the grains by a special process. The present study was carried out to investigate experimental methods that would be beneficial in the segregation of different types of oats after husk removal. Grain quality-related biochemical compounds were analyzed in a bid to differentiate the oat dehulling characteristics. In addition, 61 SSR markers were examined for genetic relationship and variety identification of oats using five naked and seven covered oat varieties. Results showed that, the contents of protein, lipid, and ${\beta}-glucan$ were not significantly different among the oat varieties and this could not be used as an index for distinguishing oats husk character. However, in the fatty acid composition ratio,, naked oats had a higher ratio of stearic acid (C18:0) and oleic acid (C18:1) than covered oats, and covered oats had a higher ratio of linoleic acid (C18:2) and linoleic acid (C18:3) than naked oats. The assessment of SSR marker genotype revealed that 33 polymorphic bands among 12 oat varieties and 1 variety could be distinguished through the combination of polymorphic markers thus indicating the usability of these markers for variety identification in oats.

키워드

참고문헌

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