Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment (한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경)

Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment (한국지하수토양환경학회)
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Discharge Characteristics of the Chusan Spring, Ulleung Island

울릉도 추산용출소의 용출 특성

  • Cho, Byong-Wook (Groundwater and Ecohydrology Research Center, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources) ;
  • Lee, Byeong-Dae (Groundwater and Ecohydrology Research Center, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources)
  • 조병욱 (한국지질자원연구원 지하수생태연구센터) ;
  • 이병대 (한국지질자원연구원 지하수생태연구센터)
  • Received : 2018.08.29
  • Accepted : 2018.11.13
  • Published : 2018.12.31
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Abstract

The source of Chusan Spring water in the Ulleungdo is the precipitation in the Nari caldera basin, which permeates in the Trachitic pumice and tuff area and moves downward, outflowing at the lithologic boundary between the trachyte and Nari tuff. It is known that the discharge rate of the Chusan Spring is large enough to be used for the small hydroelectric power generation, but the exact discharge rate and hydrogeologic characteristics have not been known. The discharge rates of the Spring were measured 11 times, which ranged from $15,220m^3/d$ to $36,278m^3/d$. The discharge rates, measured by the automatic level recorder, for two-year period, were $20,000{\sim}38,000m^3/d$. The variation of discharge rates did not coincide with rainfall event, but showed daily increases of $3,000{\sim}5,000m^3/d$. The annual discharge rate excluding the evapotranspiration and the surrounding stream discharge corresponded to 70.6% of the annual precipitation of the recharge area. Therefore, meteorological observations at the Nari basin, rather than the Ulleung-do meteorological station, are more appropriate to properly interpret the discharge characteristics of the Chusam Spring and the recharge rate of the basin.

Keywords

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Fig. 1. Shaded relief image of the Ulleung Island (a) and location of the Chusan Spring with the hydraulic power station and two streams (stream 1 and 2).

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Fig. 2. Geological map of the Ulleung Island.

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Fig. 3. The scenery of Chusan Spring submerged in a reservoir (a) and flow velocity measurement at the point of the Chusan Spring after drain (b).

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Fig. 4. A simplified geological section showing the underground flow mechanism of the Chusan Spring.

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Fig. 5. Relationship between water depths of the reservoir and discharge rates of the Chusan Spring.

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Fig. 6. Discharge hydrograph of the Chusan Spring and precipitation at Ulleungdo weather station during the period of August 2010-July 2012.

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Fig. 7. Result of cross correlation analysis between precipitation and discharge rate of the Chusan Spring.

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Fig. 8. Discharge hydrograph of the Chusan Spring and precipitation at Ulleungdo weather station during the period from Sep. 9 to Sep. 13 in 2011 at interval of 3 hours.

Table 1. Monthly precipitations of the Ulleung Island for ten years

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Table 2. Results of flow velocity and calculated discharge of the Chusan Spring measurement

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Table 3. Results of the 11 discharge measurements at point A, B, C, D and E (m3/d) of the Chusan Spring

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