Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science (한국산림과학회지)

Korean Society of Forest Science (한국산림과학회)
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Analysis of Pinewood Nematode Damage Expansion in Gyeonggi Province Based on Monitoring Data from 2008 to 2015

경기도의 소나무재선충병 피해 확산 양상 분석: 2008 ~ 2015년 예찰 데이터를 기반으로

  • Park, Wan-Hyeok (Department of Forest Resources, Kookmin University) ;
  • Ko, Dongwook W. (Department of Forest, Environment, and System, Kookmin University) ;
  • Kwon, Tae-Sung (Forest Insect Pests and Diseasest Division, National Institute of Forest Science) ;
  • Nam, Youngwoo (Forest Insect Pests and Diseasest Division, National Institute of Forest Science) ;
  • Kwon, Young Dae (Gyeonggi Forest Environment Research Center)
  • 박완혁 (국민대학교 산림자원학과) ;
  • 고동욱 (국민대학교 산림환경시스템학과) ;
  • 권태성 (국립산림과학원 산림병해충연구과) ;
  • 남영우 (국립산림과학원 산림병해충연구과) ;
  • 권영대 (경기산림환경연구소)
  • Received : 2018.05.10
  • Accepted : 2018.10.23
  • Published : 2018.12.31
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Abstract

Pine wilt disease (PWD) in Gyeonggi province was first detected in Gwangju in 2007, and ever since has caused extensive damage. Insect vector and host tree in Gyeonggi province are Monochamus saltuarius and Pinus koraiensis, respectively, which are different from the southern region that consist of Monochamus alternatus and Pinus densiflora. Consequently, spread and mortality characteristics may be different, but our understanding is limited. In this research, we utilized the spatial data of newly infected trees in Gyeonggi province from 2008 to 2015 to analyze how it is related to various environmental and human factors, such as elevation, forest type, and road network. We also analyzed the minimum distance from newly infected tree to last year's closest infected tree to examine the dispersal characteristics based on new outbreak locations. Annual number of newly infected trees rapidly increased from 2008 to 2013, which then stabilized. Number of administrative districts with infected trees was 5 in 2012, 11 in 2013, and 15 in 2014. Most of the infected trees was Pinus koraiensis, with its proportion close to 90% throughout the survey period. Mean distance to newly infected trees dramatically decreased over time, from 4,111 m from 2012 to 2013, to approximately 600 m from 2013 to 2014 and 2014 to 2015. Most new infections occurred in higher elevation over time. Distance to road from newly infected trees continuously increased, suggesting that natural diffusion dispersal is increasingly occurring compared to human-influenced dispersal over time.

경기도 지역의 소나무재선충병은 2007년 광주시에서 최초 보고된 이래 급속도로 확산되어 큰 피해를 일으키고 있다. 경기도 지역 소나무재선충병의 매개충은 남부지방과 달리 북방수염하늘소(Monochamus saltuarius)이며 주요 감염목은 소나무가 아닌 잣나무이기 때문에 확산 양상이 다르게 나타날 수 있다. 이에 따라 매개충의 생태적 차이, 잣나무의 소나무재선충병 진단 등의 연구가 진행되고 있으나 확산 양상의 정확한 파악에 관한 연구는 여전히 미비한 수준이다. 이 연구에서는 경기산림환경연구소가 조사한 2008년부터 2015년까지의 신규 감염목 예찰 데이터를 기반으로 확산 현황과 전년도 감염목과의 최단거리의 변화와, 이러한 양상이 수치표고모형, 임상도, 도로 네트워크 등과 보이는 공간적 관계를 분석하였다. 이를 통해 소나무재선충병의 발생 위치와 환경인자 간의 관계를 살펴보고자 하였다. 신규 감염목의 수는 2008년에는 13본이었으나 급격히 증가하여 2013년에는 2,954본을 기록하였으며, 2014년 2,938본, 2015년 2,986본으로 유지되고 있다. 감염목 시군 수는 2012년에 6개 시군에서 2013년 11개, 2014년에 15개 시군으로 증가하였다. 감염목 가운데 잣나무의 비율은 2013년에 89.5%, 2014년에 83.4%, 2015년에 89.8%로 나타났다. 2011-2012년 이후 전년도 감염목과의 거리는 빠르게 감소하고 있으며, 2013년과 2014년 사이에는 평균 거리가 전년도에 비해 크게 감소하여 577 m, 2014년과 2015년 사이에는 666 m로 나타났다. 감염목 위치의 고도는 2009년 이후 전반적으로 증가하여 2014년에 최댓값인 565 m에 이르렀다가 2015년에는 평균값, 중앙값, 최댓값이 모두 낮아졌다. 도로와의 거리는 전반적으로 지속적인 증가 양상을 보이고 있다. 이 연구에서 얻은 감염목 분포의 공간적 분석은 효율적인 소나무재선충병 방제 전략을 수립하는데 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

Keywords

HOMHBJ_2018_v107n4_486_f0001.png 이미지

Figure 1. Distribution of new pinewood nematode infected trees from 2008 to 2015 in Gyeonggi Province.

HOMHBJ_2018_v107n4_486_f0002.png 이미지

Figure 2. Annual proportion of forest types where new infected trees occurred

Table 1. Annual number of newly infected trees.

HOMHBJ_2018_v107n4_486_t0001.png 이미지

Table 2. Minimum distance between newly and previously infected trees.

HOMHBJ_2018_v107n4_486_t0002.png 이미지

Table 3. Cumulative proportion of new pinewood nematode infections across distance classes.

HOMHBJ_2018_v107n4_486_t0003.png 이미지

Table 4. Elevational distribution of newly infected trees.

HOMHBJ_2018_v107n4_486_t0004.png 이미지

Table 5. Overall proportion of forest types where new infected trees occurred.

HOMHBJ_2018_v107n4_486_t0005.png 이미지

Table 6. Distance from road to newly infected trees.

HOMHBJ_2018_v107n4_486_t0006.png 이미지

Table 7. Road density of newly infected area.

HOMHBJ_2018_v107n4_486_t0007.png 이미지

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