DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

A Study on the Various Factors of Liberation of Baekjeong identity by the Present of Multicultural Phenomenon in Korea

우리나라 다문화 현상의 효시로 본 백정신분 해방운동의 복합적 요인에 대한 연구

  • Received : 2017.12.12
  • Accepted : 2018.02.20
  • Published : 2018.02.28

Abstract

There is a general consensus that Baekjeing means Butcher after the Joseon Dynasty. In the Goryeo Dynasty, the title of "Baekjeong" was named as a general farmer's name, "Hwacheok" and "Jaecheok" from the north, but it changed its name to Shin Baekjeong by nationalization policy in the early Joseon Dynasty. They were multicultural Ancestors who worked for jobs which people despised. The purpose of this study is to examine the background and trends of how these were stripped of their identity and to present a direction for deciding on the policy of multiculturalism which is the subject of our society today. Based on the researches of historical researchers, the study examines the multicultural dynamics of old period and observes the present phenomenon by interpreting the statistics of the related institutions of the government. We realized that the reason for the liberation of the Baekjeong has a various causes and its causes are similar to the phenomenon of today 's multicultural society, so that the depth research on each factor will be added to form a desirable policy base for multiculturalism in our country.

백정이라고 하면 조선이후의 하천민인 도살업을 하는 신분의 사람이라는 일반적 인식이 있다. 그러나, 고려시대에는 백정이란 호칭은 일반농민의 한 신분을 칭하였고 도살업의 신분은 화척, 재척 등으로 호칭된 북방에서 유입된 이민족으로 조선초기에 제민화정책에 따라 신백정으로 그 명칭이 바뀌었다가 조선후기에 백정으로 불리었다. 정책의 실패로 농민 중심이던 일반인이 저급하게 여기는 직종에 종사하면서 천대와 멸시가운데서 살았던 다문화의 대 선배이다. 이들 백정이 어떻게 그 신분의 굴레를 벗게 되었는지 그 배경과 흐름을 살펴서 오늘날 우리사회의 화두가 되고 있는 다문화 정책을 결정하는 방향을 제시하는 것이 이 연구의 목적이다. 과거의 현상이 연구의 기반이 되므로 역사연구자들의 연구를 기반으로 백정해방 운동의 원인을 파악하고 현시점의 다문화에 관한 관점은 정부의 관련기관의 통계를 유의미하게 해석하여 조망하였다. 연구 결과, 백정해방은 매우 다양한 시대적 사회적 원인과 과정을 거쳤음을 알 수 있다. 오늘날의 다문화 사회의 현상과도 비슷한 양상을 가지고 있어 요인분석에 더해서 해방과정을 좀 더 연구한다면 정책개발에 많은 도움이 될 것이다.

Keywords

References

  1. Women's Policy Institute. (2015). An analysis of the Survey on the Status ofMulticultural Families in Korea. Ministry of Gender Equality, 9.
  2. Immigration Policy Center. (2017.11.14). 2017 Status of registered foreigners http://www.immigration.go.kr/HP/COM/bbs_003/ListShowData.do?strNbodCd=noti0097&strWrtNo=236&strAnsNo=A&strOrgGbnCd=104000&strRtnURL=IMM_6070&st rAllOrgYn=N&strThisPage=1&strFilePath=imm/
  3. H. K. Lee. (2013). Baekjeong(buthers), the truth of history. Seoul : Chaekbat, Preface, 22-43.
  4. Statistical Office. (2017.11.15). 2015 Household census. http://kosis.kr/statisticsList/statisticsListIndex.do?menuId=M_01_01&vwcd=MT_ZTITLE&parmTabId=M_01_01# SelectStatsBoxDiv
  5. O. N. Kim. (2006). The reasons why the people of Koryo was called Bakjeong, Applied Opening Tomorrow History. Westsea Munjip. 26, 138-145.
  6. S. Y. Ryu. (2000). Review of the Bakjeong in Korea dynasty. Ph.D. dissertation. Dong-A University, Pusan
  7. D. R. Kim. (1987). The achivement of the policy of Baekjeong of Chosun Dynasty. The Study of Industry & Econoics, 21, 73-85.
  8. M. K. Kang. (1964). The Study of Baekjeong of Chosun Dynasty, Applied The Study of history. Korean Society of sociology, 18.
  9. J. S. Park. (2013). Baekjeong and Kisaeng. Seoul : Seoul National University Publishing house, p.83-91.
  10. J. H. Shin. (2010). The change of modern identity system and the reorganization of daily life. Oriental Theory 47, 210-216, Dankuk University Oriental Studies
  11. J. S. Park. (2003). Social dissatisfaction and politicization of Chosun Butcher. Social & Science Study, 16, 194-210, Seowon University Social Science Institute.
  12. N. P. Choi. (1987). On social status and the status of Baekjeong in Goryeo period, Jeonju : Jeonbuk University Industry and Economic Research Institute
  13. N. S. Choi. (1944). Through Old History. Seoul : Samjungdang, p.194-196.
  14. Y. H. Shin. (1976). Research of Independent Association. Seoul : Iljogak, p.387.
  15. Y. C. Lee. (2012). The change and decline of Hyungpyungsa, Applied The Study of Korean Society for Modern History. Korean Modern History Study, 62, 179-191.
  16. Ministry of Justice. (2017.11.30) 2014 Status of registered foreign nationals by region. http://www.immigration.go.kr/doc_html/attach/imm/f2017//20171030297564_1_21.xls.files/WorkBook.html
  17. J. E. Han & K. Nah. (2017). A Study on the Enhancement of Social Adaptation of North Korea Detactors" Jounal of Digital Convergence, 15(2), 27-28.