Journal of Power Electronics

The Korean Institute of Power Electronics (전력전자학회)
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Constant Output Power Control Methods for Variable-Load Wireless Power Transfer Systems

  • Liu, Xu (School of Electrical and Power Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology) ;
  • Clare, Lindsay (Electrical Energy Management Research Group, University of Bristol) ;
  • Yuan, Xibo (School of Electrical and Power Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology) ;
  • Wang, Jun (Electrical Energy Management Research Group, University of Bristol) ;
  • Wang, Chonglin (School of Electrical and Power Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology) ;
  • Li, Jianhua (School of Electrical and Power Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology)
  • Received : 2017.06.16
  • Accepted : 2017.12.12
  • Published : 2018.03.20
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Abstract

This study proposes a comprehensive mathematical model that includes coil-system circuit and loss models for power converters in wireless power transfer (WPT) systems. The proposed model helps in understanding the performance of WPT systems in terms of coil-to-coil efficiency, overall efficiency, and output power capacity and facilitates system performance optimization. Three methods to achieve constant output power for variable-load systems are presented based on system performance analysis. An optimal method can be selected for a specific WPT system by comparing the efficiencies of the three methods calculated with the proposed model. A two-coil 1 kW WPT system is built to verify the proposed mathematical model and constant output power control methods. Experimental results show that when the load resistance varies between 5 and $25{\Omega}$, the system output power can be maintained at 1 kW with a maximum error of 6.75% and an average error of 4%. Coil-to-coil and overall efficiencies can be maintained at above 90% and 85%, respectively, with the selected optimal control method.

Keywords

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Fig. 1. Function blocks of the WPT systems in this work.

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Fig. 2. WPT system. (a) Entire system. (b) Simplified model.

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Fig. 3. Experimental platform of the WPT system.

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Fig. 4. 16-turn flat spiral coil.

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Fig. 5. Coupling coefficient with different coil-to-coil distances.

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Fig. 6. Effect of DC input voltage on system performance.

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Fig. 7. Effect of coupling coefficient on system performance.

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Fig. 8. Effect of load resistance on system performance.

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Fig. 9. Effect of driving frequency on system performance with afixed coil-to-coil distance and various load resistances.

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Fig. 10. Effect of driving frequency on system performance witha fixed load resistance and various coil-to-coil distances.

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Fig. 11. Experimental results for constant output power byadjusting the DC input voltage.

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Fig. 12. Experimental results for constant output power byadjusting the DC voltage and driving frequency.

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Fig. 13. Experimental results for constant output power byadjusting the coil separation and the coupling coefficient.

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Fig. 14. System efficiency comparison.

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Fig. 15. Effective method selection flowchart.

TABLE I LITZ WIRE PARAMETERS

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TABLE II COIL DESIGN PARAMETERS

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TABLE III COIL SYSTEM PARAMETERS

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TABLE IV WPT SYSTEM PARAMETERS

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TABLE V CALCULATED COUPLING COEFFICIENT AND CORRESPONDING COIL-TO-COIL DISTANCE DERIVED FROM MAXWELL

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TABLE VI MEASURED POWER IN THE EXPERIMENTS

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