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A Study on the Importance and Valuation of Public Functions in Private Botanical Gardens

사립식물원 공익적 기능의 중요도 및 가치평가 연구

  • Received : 2017.10.30
  • Accepted : 2018.01.09
  • Published : 2018.02.28

Abstract

The role of the botanical garden in securing biodiversity, responding to climate change, and sustainable development in modern cities is becoming more important. Private botanical gardens that lead the domestic botanical culture are declining due to complex reasons such as an increase of tourist destinations, lack of policy support, lack of introduction of advanced management strategies, and similar leisure activities to national and public botanical gardens. The Private Botanical Garden not only has a large number of plant species with high conservation value, but also provides various public utilities as a cultural and educational space and government efforts are needed to activate the operation of this amenity. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the value of public functions provided by private botanical gardens using the Contingent Valuation Method (CVM). In this way, the government aims to provide a basis for policy and institutional support for private botanical gardens. The main results are as follows. First, public utility functions provided by private botanical gardens were recognized as 'preservation' (23.4%), 'recreation and tourism' (17.5%) and 'research' (16.6%) in order of analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Second, 'heritage value' (33.0%) and 'existence value' (32.5%) were recognized as significant among the values provided by private botanical gardens. Third, the willingness to pay (WTP) to preserve the public functions of the private botanical garden was 12,234 won. Based on this, the economic value of all private botanical gardens in the whole country was estimated, resulting in about 233.8 billion won. There is a need to revise laws and regulations related to financial support for the revitalization and quality improvement of private botanical gardens. It is also necessary to establish a cooperative operating system between national, public and private botanical gardens.

현대도시에서 생물종다양성 확보, 기후변화 대응, 지속가능한 발전을 위한 식물원의 역할이 중요해지고 있다. 국내 식물문화를 선도적으로 견인한 사립식물원은 국 공립 식물원과 유사 여가 관광 목적지의 증가, 정책적 지원 미흡, 선진 경영전략 도입 부재 등의 복합적 원인으로 쇠퇴하고 있다. 사립식물원은 보존가치가 높은 다수의 식물 종을 보유하고 있을 뿐만 아니라, 국민들의 문화 교육 공간으로서 다양한 공익적 기능을 제공하므로 운영 활성화를 위한 정부 차원의 노력이 필요하다. 본 연구의 목적은 사립식물원이 제공하는 공익적 기능의 중요도와 가치를 계층화분석(AHP)과 조건부가치측정법(CVM)을 사용해 알아보는 것이다. 이를 통해 정부 차원에서의 사립식물원을 대상으로 한 정책적 제도적 지원 근거를 마련하고자 한다. 주요 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 계층화분석(AHP) 결과, 사립식물원이 제공하는 공익적 기능은 '보전(23.4%)', '휴양 관광(17.5%)', '조사 연구(16.6%)' 순으로 중요하게 인식되었다. 둘째, 사립식물원이 제공하는 가치 가운데 '유산가치(33.0%)'와 '존재가치(32.5%)'가 중요하게 인식되었다. 셋째, 사립식물원의 공익적 기능을 보전하기 위한 지불의사금액(WTP)은 12,234원이 도출되었다. 이를 토대로 전국 사립식물원의 경제적 가치를 추산한 결과, 약 2,338억 원이 도출되었다. 사립식물원의 운영 활성화와 질적 제고를 위해 재정 지원 관련 법령과 권역별 국 공립 및 사립식물원 간의 협력적 운영 체계 구축이 필요하겠다.

Keywords

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