Research in Plant Disease (식물병연구)

The Korean Society of Plant Pathology (한국식물병리학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

First Report of Bacterial Root Rot Caused by Serratia plymuthica on Panax ginseng

Serratia plymuthica에 의한 인삼 세균뿌리썩음병 발생

  • Jung, Won Kwon (Punggi Ginseng Research Institute, Gyeongsangbuk-do Agricultural Reseach & Extension Services) ;
  • Kim, Young Soo (Department of Plant Medicals, Andong National University) ;
  • Choi, Jin Kook (Punggi Ginseng Research Institute, Gyeongsangbuk-do Agricultural Reseach & Extension Services) ;
  • Kim, Seung-Han (Punggi Ginseng Research Institute, Gyeongsangbuk-do Agricultural Reseach & Extension Services) ;
  • Jang, Myeong-Hwan (Punggi Ginseng Research Institute, Gyeongsangbuk-do Agricultural Reseach & Extension Services) ;
  • Kwon, Tae Lyong (Punggi Ginseng Research Institute, Gyeongsangbuk-do Agricultural Reseach & Extension Services) ;
  • Jeon, Yongho (Department of Plant Medicals, Andong National University)
  • 정원권 (경상북도농업기술원풍기인삼연구소) ;
  • 김영수 (국립안동대학교식물의학과) ;
  • 최진국 (경상북도농업기술원풍기인삼연구소) ;
  • 김승한 (경상북도농업기술원풍기인삼연구소) ;
  • 장명환 (경상북도농업기술원풍기인삼연구소) ;
  • 권태룡 (경상북도농업기술원풍기인삼연구소) ;
  • 전용호 (국립안동대학교식물의학과)
  • Received : 2018.10.09
  • Accepted : 2018.11.10
  • Published : 2018.12.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

In August of 2011, a wilting disease of ginseng was observed at Bongwha, Gyeongbuk province, Korea. Affected plants initially show withering symptoms on leaves of ginseng. As the disease progresses, withering leaves spread downward, eventually encompassing the whole plant. Leaves lose vigor but remain pale green. Symptoms of roots were brown, and soft rots characterized by moist and watery decay of the whole ginseng root, which initiated as small brown, water-soaked lesions of hairy roots and enlarged to the entire roots. The causal organism isolated from the infected roots was identified as Serratia plymuthica based on its physiological and biochemical characteristics, by cellular fatty acid composition (GC-FAME), the utilization of carbon sources (BioLog System), and 16S rRNA sequence of the isolated bacterium were 99% homologous to those of Serratia plymuthica strains. Artificial inoculation of the bacterium produced the same brown or soft rot symptoms on the ginseng roots, from which the same bacterium was isolated. This is the first report of bacterial root rot caused by the Serratia plymuthica in ginseng in Korea. Serratia plymuthica has been used as antagonistic microorganism for biological control on several crop plants. But it was proved pathogen of ginseng at humid condition in this study.

2011년 8월 경상북도 봉화군 재산면 농가포장 5년생 인삼포장에서 잎이 푸른색을 띈 채 급격하게 마르는 증상이 발견되었다. 잎이 시든 직후 인삼의 뿌리를 채취하였으나, 뿌리나 줄기에서 특별한 병징은 없었으며, 뿌리의 수분이 약간 빠져나간 상태였다. 이러한 증상이 발생된 지 10일이 경과된 뿌리에서는 뿌리가 물러지면서 썩는 증상이 나타났다. 이러한 병징과 건전부의 경계부위에서 세균이 분리되었으며, 이 세균에 의한 뿌리썩음병이 의심되었다. 세균을 배양한 후 건전 인삼에 접종하자, 동일한 썩음 증상이 발현되었으며, 병반으로부터 동일한 세균이 재분리되었다. 이 세균을 BioLog system에 의한 탄소원 이용여부, Vitek 2 system을 이용한 생화학적 반응, GC-MIDI Sherlock system을 이용한 지방산 조성, 16S rRNA 염기서열을 분석한 결과, 모두 Serratia plymuthica로 동정되었다. 이에 따라 인삼 뿌리에 발생하는 이 병을 Serratia plymuthica에 의한 인삼 세균뿌리썩음병으로 명명하여 보고하고자 한다.

Keywords

SMBRCU_2018_v24n4_332_f0001.png 이미지

Fig. 1. Wilt symptom of ginseng leaf and stem. The arrow indicates that the disease occurred on water leaking area on shade.

SMBRCU_2018_v24n4_332_f0002.png 이미지

Fig. 2. Symptoms of decayed ginseng root. Symptoms of roots were brown, soft rots characterized by moist and watery decay of the whole ginseng root, which initiated as small brown, watersoaked lesions of hairy roots and enlarged to the entire roots.

SMBRCU_2018_v24n4_332_f0003.png 이미지

Fig. 3. Dark brown lesion and root rot of two years old ginseng root by Serratia plymuthica PG1. Symptoms on ginseng root after 7 days (A and B), 10 days (C), and control (D) caused by artificial inoculation.

SMBRCU_2018_v24n4_332_f0004.png 이미지

Fig. 4. Pathogenicity test on two years old ginseng root by Serratia plymuthica PG1. Symptoms after 50 days on inoculated by S. plymuthica 108 CFU/ml (A and C) and on control (B and D).

SMBRCU_2018_v24n4_332_f0005.png 이미지

Fig. 5. Phylogenetic relationship between Serratia plymuthica and other Serratia species, constructed using the neighbor-joining tree analysis, based on the combined ITS region and β-tubulin gene sequences. The numbers above the branches represent the bootstrap values obtained for 5,000 replicates.

Table 1. Comparison of the bacteriological characteristics of the isolates PG1 isolated from decayed ginseng

SMBRCU_2018_v24n4_332_t0001.png 이미지

References

  1. Bergey, D. H. and Holt, J. G. 1994. Bergey's manual of determinative bacteriology. 9th ed. Willians and Wilkins, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. 787 pp.
  2. Jeon, Y. H., Chang, S. P., Hwang, I. G. and Kim, Y. H. 2003. Involvement of growth-promoting rhizobacterium paenibacillus polymyxa in root rot of stored Korean Ginseng. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 13: 881-891.
  3. Kim, D. G., Lee, S. G., Lee, Y. K., Lee, J. P. and Jung, K. C. 2004. Root rot of Panax ginseng caused by Serratia liquefaciens. Res. Plant Dis. 10: 8-12. (In Korean) https://doi.org/10.5423/RPD.2004.10.1.008
  4. Kim, Y. K., Lee, S. D., Ryu, J. G. and Ryu, J. D. 2003. Biological control of blue mold of apples by Bacillus spp. and Serratia marcescens. Res. Plant Dis. 9: 229-236. (In Korean) https://doi.org/10.5423/RPD.2003.9.4.229
  5. Kowalska, B., Smolinska, U. and Oskiera, M. 2011. First report of Serratia plymuthica causing onion bulb rot in Poland. Pol. J. Microbiol. 60: 85-87.
  6. Lee, M. W. 1975. Studied on the Pseudomonas fluorescens causing root rot of Ginseng. Korean J. Microbiol. 13: 143-156.
  7. Pu, C., Shen, S. S., Wen, C. Y., Song, S. and Park, C. S. 2009. The effect of the colonization of Serratia plymuthica A21-4 in rhizosphere soil and root of pepper in different soil environment. Res. Plant Dis. 15: 101-105. https://doi.org/10.5423/RPD.2009.15.2.101
  8. Shen, S. S., Kim, J. W. and Park, C. S. 2002. Serratia plymuthica strain A21-4: A potential biocontrol agent against phytophthora blight of pepper. Plant Pathol. J. 18: 138-141. https://doi.org/10.5423/PPJ.2002.18.3.138
  9. Shen, S. S., Choi, O. H., Park, S. H., Kim, C. G. and Park, C. S. 2005. Root colonizing and biocontrol competency of Serratia plymuthica A21-4 against phytophthora blight of pepper. Plant Pathol. J. 21: 64-67. https://doi.org/10.5423/PPJ.2005.21.1.064
  10. Shen, S. S., Piao, F. Z., Lee, B. W. and Park, C. S. 2007. Characterization of antibiotic substance produced by Serratia plymuthica A21-4 and the biological control activity against pepper phytophthora blight. Plant Pathol. J. 23: 180-186. https://doi.org/10.5423/PPJ.2007.23.3.180
  11. The Korean Society of Plant Pathology. 2009. List of plant disease in Korea. 5th ed. The Korean Society of Plant Pathology, Suwon, Korea. 853 pp. (In Korean)
  12. Yu, Y. H., Lee, Y. K. and Ohh, S. H. 1991. Stem rot of Ginseng caused by Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora. Korean J. Plant Pathol. 7: 183-187. (In Korean)