Wind and Structures

  • 제26권2호
  • /
  • Pages.75-87
  • /
  • 2018
  • /
  • 1226-6116(pISSN)
  • /
  • 1598-6225(eISSN)
테크노프레스 (Techno-Press)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Experimental study and FE analysis of tile roofs under simulated strong wind impact

  • Huang, Peng (State Key Laboratory of Disaster Reduction in Civil Engineering, Tongji University) ;
  • Lin, Huatan (State Key Laboratory of Disaster Reduction in Civil Engineering, Tongji University) ;
  • Hu, Feng (State Key Laboratory of Disaster Reduction in Civil Engineering, Tongji University) ;
  • Gu, Ming (State Key Laboratory of Disaster Reduction in Civil Engineering, Tongji University)
  • 투고 : 2017.07.26
  • 심사 : 2017.12.21
  • 발행 : 2018.02.25
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

A large number of low-rise buildings experienced serious roof covering failures under strong wind while few suffered structural damage. Clay and concrete tiles are two main kinds of roof covering. For the tile roof system, few researches were carried out based on Finite Element (FE) analysis due to the difficulty in the simulation of the interface between the tiles and the roof sheathing (the bonding materials, foam or mortar). In this paper, the FE analysis of a single clay or concrete tile with foam-set or mortar-set were built with the interface simulated by the equivalent nonlinear springs based on the mechanical uplift and displacement tests, and they were expanded into the whole roof. A detailed wind tunnel test was carried out at Tongji University to acquire the wind loads on these two kinds of roof tiles, and then the test data were fed into the FE analysis. For the purpose of validation and calibration, the results of FE analysis were compared with the full-scale performance ofthe tile roofs under simulated strong wind impact through one-of-a-kind Wall of Wind (WoW) apparatus at Florida International University. The results are consistent with the WoW test that the roof of concrete tiles with mortar-set provided the highest resistance, and the material defects or improper construction practices are the key factors to induce the roof tiles' failure. Meanwhile, the staggered setting of concrete tiles would help develop an interlocking mechanism between the tiles and increase their resistance.

키워드

과제정보

연구 과제 주관 기관 : Chinese National Natural Science Foundation, Florida International University (FIU)

참고문헌

  1. Abi Shdid, C., Mirmiran, A., Wang, T.L., Jimenez, D., and Huang, P. (2011), "Uplift capacity and impact resistance of roof tiles", ASCE Practice Periodical on Structural Design and Construction, 16(3), 121-129. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)SC.1943-5576.0000081
  2. Amano, T., Fujii, K. and Tazaki, S. (1988), "Wind loads on permeable roof-blocks in roof insulation systems", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 29, 39-48. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-6105(88)90143-2
  3. ASTM E111-04(2004), Standard Test Method for Young's Modulus, Tangent Modulus and Chord Modulus, ASTM International; West Conshohocken, United States.
  4. Bienkiewicz, B. and Sun, Y. (1992), "Wind-tunnel study of wind loading on loose-laid roofing systems", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 41-44, 1817-1828.
  5. Bienkiewicz, B. and Sun, Y. (1997), "Wind loading and resistance of loose-laid roof paver systems", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 72(1), 401-410. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-6105(97)00235-3
  6. Daniel, J.S., Forrest, J.M. and Arindam, G.C. (2016), "Investigating a wind tunnel method for determining windinduced loads on roofing tiles", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 155, 47-59 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2016.05.006
  7. Davenport A.G. (1964), "Note on the distribution of the largest value of a random function with application to gust loading [C]" Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers, paper N0.6739.28, 187-196
  8. FEMA. (2005), "Tile roofing for high-wind area", Rep.499, Washington, DC
  9. Gavanski, E., Kordi, B., Kopp, G.A. and Vickery, P.J. (2013), "Wind loads on roof sheathing of houses", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 114, 106-121 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2012.12.011
  10. Gerhardt, H.J., Kramer, C. and Bofah, K.K. (1990), "Wind loading on loosely laid pavers and instruction boards for flat roofs", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 36, 309-318 https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-6105(90)90315-4
  11. GB 50009-2012(2012), Load code for design of building structures, Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Construction ofthe People's Republic of China; Beijing, China.
  12. Hazelwood, R.A. (1980), "Principles of wind loading on tiled roofs and their application in the British standard BS5534", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 6, 113-124. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-6105(80)90025-2
  13. Hazelwood, R.A. (1981), "The interaction of the two principal wind forces on roof tiles", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 8, 39-48. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-6105(81)90006-4
  14. Habte, F., Mooneghi, M.A., Baheru, T., et al. (2017), "Wind loading on ridge, hip and perimeter roof tiles: A full-scale experimental study", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 166, 90-105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2017.04.002
  15. Huang, P., Mirmiran, A., Gan Chowdhury, A., Abishdid, C. and Wang T.L. (2009), "Performance of roof tiles under simulated Hurricane impact", J. Architect. Eng., 15(1), 26-34. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1076-0431(2009)15:1(26)
  16. Kawair, H. and Nishimura, H. (2003), "Field measurement on wind force on roof tiles", Proceedings of the 11th Int'l Conf. Wind Engrg., Lubbock, U.S.
  17. Kramer, C. and Gerhardt, H.J. (1983), "Wind loads on permeable roofing systems", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 13, 347-358. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-6105(83)90155-1
  18. Martin, K.G., Gupta, R., Prevatt, D.O., Datin, P.L. and van de Lindt J.W. (2011) "Modeling system effects and structural load paths in a wood-framed structure", J. Architect. Eng., 17(4), 134-143. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)AE.1943-5568.0000045
  19. Mirmiran, A., Abishdid, C., Wang, T.L., Huang, P., Jimenez, D.L., and Younes, C. (2007), "Performance of Tile Roofs under Hurricane Impact − Phase 2", Rept. No. SCL - 070801, Dept of Civil and Environ. Engrg., Florida International University, Miami, FL.
  20. Mooneghi M.A., Irwin P. and Chowdhury A.G. (2016), "Partial turbulence simulation method for predicting peak wind loads on small structures and building appurtenances", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 157, 47-62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2016.08.003
  21. Pan, F., Cai, C.S., Zhang, W. and Kong, B. (2014), "Refined damage prediction of low-rise building envelope under high wind load ", Wind Struct., 18(6), 669-691. https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2014.18.6.669
  22. Pfretzschner, K., Gupta, R. and Miller, T. (2014), "Practical modeling for wind load paths in a realistic light-frame wood house", J. Perform. Constr. Fac., 28(3), 430-439. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CF.1943-5509.0000448
  23. Zisis, I. and Stathopoulos, T. (2012), "Wind load transfer mechanisms on a low wood building using full-scale load data", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 104-106, 65-75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2012.04.003