Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology (한국식품과학회지)

Korean Society of Food Science and Technology (한국식품과학회)
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Physicochemical properties and biological activity of three-year-old and seven-year-old Platycodon grandiflorum extracts

3년근 도라지와 7년근 도라지의 이화학 특성 및 생리활성

  • Received : 2018.09.03
  • Accepted : 2018.10.24
  • Published : 2018.12.31
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Abstract

This study was designed to evaluate the physicochemical properties and biological activities (antioxidant activity and antimicrobial activities) of three and seven-year-old Platycodon grandiflorum extracts. Three and seven-year-old Platycodon grandiflorum contained crude saponins, free amino acids and minerals. Water extracts of the three and seven-year-old plants were prepared using reflux extraction methods. The total polyphenol contents (TPC), total flavonoid contents (TFC), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) radical scavenging activity and antimicrobial effects of the extracts were determined. The seven-year-old Platycodon grandiflorum extract had higher TPC ($5.08{\pm}0.07TAEmg/g$) and TFC ($3.80{\pm}0.07QUEmg/g$). DPPH radical scavenging activity ($IC_{50}$ value: $288{\pm}3.88{\mu}g/mL$) and ABTS radical scavenging activity ($IC_{50}$ value: $568{\pm}2.09{\mu}g/mL$). The three and seven-year-old Platycodon grandiflorum extracts exhibited a strong antimicrobial effect against three kinds of bronchus disease-inducing bacteria; the seven-year-old Platycodon grandiflorum extracts showed a stronger antimicrobial effect than the three-year-old Platycodon grandiflorum extracts.

3년근 및 7년근 도라지의 이화학적 특성을 확인하고자 조사포닌, 유리 아미노산, 철분, 아연 및 칼슘을 비교 확인하였고, 산화 방지 활성 및 항균활성을 측정하기 위해 물 추출물을 제조하여 총 폴리페놀, 총 플라보노이드, DPPH 및 ABTS 라디칼 소거능 측정 및 호흡기 관련 항균활성을 측정하여 7년근 도라지의 상업적 이용가능성을 확인하고자 수행되었다. 3년근 및 7년근 도라지의 조사포닌을 측정한 결과 재배년수가 증가한 7년근 도라지가 낮은 함량을 보였고, 유리 아미노산은 3년근 및 7년근 도라지 모두 아르기닌, 글루탐산, 아스파트산, 세린, 트레오닌 순으로 높게 나타났으며, 시스테인은 없는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 철, 아연 및 칼슘을 분석한 결과에서는 칼슘만 7년근 도라지가 높게 나타났다. 3년근 및 7년근 도라지 물 추출물의 총 폴리페놀, 총 플라보노이드 함량을 측정한 결과, 재배년수가 높은 7년근 도라지가 총 폴리페놀 및 총 플라보노이드 모두 유의적으로 높게 나타났고, DPPH 및 ABTS 라디칼 소거능을 측정한 결과에서도 7년근 도라지가 높은 소거능을 보였다. 또한 호흡기 질환과 관련된 세균의 항균활성을 측정한 결과에서도 7년근 도라지가 높은 항균활성을 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 결과적으로 3년근 도라지보다 7년근 도라지가 산화방지 활성 및 호흡기 질환과 관련된 항균활성이 높은 것으로 나타나, 7년근 도라지를 기능성 식품 및 화장품 소재로써 이용할 경우 산화방지 활성 및 항균활성이 증가된 천연소재로의 이용 가능성이 높을 것으로 판단하였다.

Keywords

Table 1. Crude saponin and mineral contents of three-year-old and seven-year-old playcodon grandiflorum

SPGHB5_2018_v50n6_665_t0001.png 이미지

Table 2. Free amino acid contents of three-year-old and seven-year-old playcodon grandiflorum (mg%)

SPGHB5_2018_v50n6_665_t0002.png 이미지

Table 3. Extracts yield and total polyphenol and total flavonoid contents of water extracts from three-year-old and seven-year-old playcodon grandiflorum

SPGHB5_2018_v50n6_665_t0003.png 이미지

Table 4. Comparison of IC50 values of DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities of water extracts from three-year-old and seven-year-old playcodon grandiflorum

SPGHB5_2018_v50n6_665_t0004.png 이미지

Table 5. Antimicrobial activity of water extracts from three-year-old and seven-year-old playcodon grandiflorum against bronchus diseases inducing bacteria (mm)

SPGHB5_2018_v50n6_665_t0005.png 이미지

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