Korean journal of applied entomology (한국응용곤충학회지)

Korean Society of Applied Entomology (한국응용곤충학회)
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Aphid Over-wintering Host Plants and Seasonal Transmission Rates of Potato Leafroll Virus by Aphids in the Highland Fields of Korea

고랭지 감자밭의 진딧물 월동기주 및 감자잎말림바이러스(PLRV) 보독진딧물의 시기별 변동

  • Kwon, Min (Highland Agricultural Research Institute, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Kim, Juil (Highland Agricultural Research Institute, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Kim, Changseok (Highland Agricultural Research Institute, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Lee, Yeonggyu (Highland Agricultural Research Institute, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration)
  • 권민 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 고령지농업연구소) ;
  • 김주일 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 고령지농업연구소) ;
  • 김창석 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 고령지농업연구소) ;
  • 이영규 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 고령지농업연구소)
  • Received : 2018.10.28
  • Accepted : 2018.11.29
  • Published : 2018.12.01
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Abstract

Aphid is a typical vector that transfers various kinds of viruses to potatoes. Therefore, it is very important to control aphids moving into potato fields. We investigated the seasonal movement pattern of aphids and its virus transmission rates mainly in the three seed potato production regions at highland in Gangwon-do, Korea. In addition, we identified the aphid species with over-wintering eggs collected from barks or twigs of total 57 tree species around potato fields in winter season. The peak time of summer and winter migration of aphid was at the mid-June and the early October, respectively. A 2.8% of total aphid trapped in yellow water-pan trap was turned out PLRV-borne, and the virus transmission rate was 15.4% by Myzus persicae and 9.1% by Macrosiphum euphorbiae. PLRV-borne aphids started to flow in from the late May, and virus transmission rate of aphid trapped in mid-June was the highest with 10.4%. Totally 14 species of aphid eggs wintered in the 17 species of trees including Acer pictum subsp. mono and Acer pseudosieboldianum at the 11 sites. In particular, because it is not certain that Betula platyphylla var. japonica and Yamatocallis hirayamae do transmit potato virus, but they over-wintered in host plants distributed over a wide area, further research on transmission ability is necessary.

진딧물은 감자에 다양한 바이러스병을 옮기는 대표적인 매개충이다. 따라서 감자밭으로 날아오는 진딧물을 방제하는 것은 매우 중요하다. 비래진딧물의 종류, 비래시기와 비래량, 바이러스 보독률 및 진딧물의 겨울철 월동기주를 구명하기 위하여 강원도 고랭지의 씨감자 생산지역 3곳을 중심으로 진딧물 비래양상을 조사하였고, 비래초기부터 6월 하순까지 날아오는 진딧물의 잎말림바이러스(PLRV) 보독 여부를 조사하였다. 또한 진딧물의 이동방향을 따라 57종의 수목류 가지와 수피를 채집하여 월동중인 진딧물 알의 존재 여부를 조사하였다. 강릉 왕산 지역과 홍천 내면 지역의 여름기주 비래최성기는 모두 6월 중순이었고 평창 횡계 지역은 5월 하순으로 나타났다. 겨울기주로 날아가는 비래최성기는 3개 지역 모두 10월 상순이었다. 비래진딧물의 2.8%가 PLRV를 갖고 있었으며, 진딧물 종류별 보독률은 복숭아혹진딧물 15.4%, 감자수염진딧물 9.1%였다. 시기별로는 5월 하순부터 PLRV 보독 진딧물이 비래하였고 6월 중순에 비래한 진딧물의 바이러스 보독률이 10.4%로 가장 높게 나타났다. 고로쇠나무(Acer pictum subsp. mono (Maxim.)), 당단풍나무(Acer pseudosieboldianum (Pax)) 등 17종의 수목류에서 진딧물알이 월동하였다. 월동 진딧물은 복숭아혹진딧물(Myzus persicae), 홉사마귀진딧물(Phorodon humuli) 등 14종으로 동정되었다. 특히 자작나무진딧물(Betula platyphylla var. japonica), 단풍알락진딧물(Yamatocallis hirayamae) 등은 아직까지 감자에서 바이러스를 옮기는지 여부는 알려진 바 없지만, 넓은 지역에 걸쳐 분포하는 기주식물에서 월동하기 때문에 앞으로 바이러스 매개 능력에 대한 연구가 필요하다.

Keywords

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Fig. 1. Collection sites of aphid egg from the bark or twigs of trees growing along main roads in Gangwon-do, 2017. Each site included 1-8 sampling locations that were spaced 1-3 km apart.

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Fig. 2. Seasonal fluctuation of migratory aphid at three highland regions in Gangwon-do Province. Surveyed aphids using a yellow water-pan trap in 2017.

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Fig. 3. Fluctuation of migratory aphids and virus infection rate at Daegwallyeong highland region during late April to late June in 2018. Aphids trapped were inoculated on the young leaves of P. floridana and PLRV detected by ELISA.

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Fig. 4. PLRV transmission rates (%) by aphid species migrated to Daegwallyeong area in 2018.

Table 1. List of 57 plants and 11 sites to collect aphid egg over-wintered in the bark or twigs

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Table 1. Continued

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Table 2. Aphid species over-wintered in the host plants growing along main roads near potato fields at several regions in Gangwon-do. Aphid eggs were identified with MtCO1-based molecular identification

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