Applied Chemistry for Engineering (공업화학)

The Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry (한국공업화학회)
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Optimization of Extraction Conditions of Antioxidant Activity and Bioactive Compounds from Rice Bran by Response Surface Methodology

반응표면분석법을 이용한 미강으로부터 항산화 활성 및 생리활성물질의 초음파 추출조건 최적화

  • Gam, Da Hye (Department of Food Science, Sunmoon University) ;
  • Jo, Jae Min (Department of Food Science, Sunmoon University) ;
  • Jung, Hyun Jin (Department of Food Science, Sunmoon University) ;
  • Kim, Jin Woo (Department of Food Science, Sunmoon University)
  • Received : 2018.07.28
  • Accepted : 2018.09.04
  • Published : 2018.12.10
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Abstract

The rice's waste byproduct is known as a rice bran and produced annually about 400,000 to 600,000 tons. Most of the rice bran are used as a livestock feed or waste disposal, and needed to be used to produce high-added substances, such as bioactive materials. In this study, extraction conditions of the ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) of the rice bran were optimized using a statistically-based optimization. The influence of extraction variables including the extraction time ($X_1$), extraction temperature ($X_2$) and ethanol concentration ($X_3$) were investigated using the response surface methodology in order to determine optimum extraction conditions which maximize total phenolic compounds (TPC), total flavonoid compounds (TFC) and electron donating abilities (EDA). The optimal UAE from rice bran was achieved under the extraction temperature of $94.9^{\circ}C$, extraction time of 41.6 minute and ethanol concentration of 74.0% (v/v) with maximum yields of TPC 2.78 mg GAE/g DM, TFC 1.63 mg QE/g DM and EDA 42.86%. The UAE process shows its potential to the extraction of bioactive and antioxidant compounds from rice bran in a short extraction time and low temperature. Also, it is proposed that rice bran could be considered as food additives and cosmeceutical products.

벼의 도정 부산물을 미강이라고 하며 매년 40-60만 톤의 미강이 도정 부산물로 생산된다. 미강은 일부 가축사료로 사용되거나 버려지는 실정으로 미강으로부터 생리활성물질과 같은 고부가가치 물질 생산을 통한 도정 부산물 활용이 필요하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 통계학적 최적화를 통한 미강으로부터 총 폴리페놀 함량(TPC), 총 플라보노이드 함량(TFC) 및 라디칼 소거능 활성(EDA) 증대를 위해 초음파 추출의 주요 공정조건인 추출시간($X_1$), 추출온도($X_2$), 에탄올 농도($X_3$)를 중심합성계획법을 이용하여 최적화하였다. 중심합성계획법을 통해 최적조건을 도출한 결과 추출온도 $94.9^{\circ}C$, 추출시간 41.6 min, 에탄올 농도 74.0% (v/v) 조건에서 TPC 2.78 mg GAE/g DM, TFC 1.63 mg QE/g DM, EDA 42.86%를 얻을 수 있었다, 이를 통해 초음파 추출공정은 $100^{\circ}C$ 이하의 저온 추출 조건에서 42 min의 짧은 추출을 통해 미강으로부터 생리활성 및 항산화 화합물의 추출에 효과적임을 확인하였으며 미강 추출물의 식품첨가 및 화장품 원료로서의 이용 가능성을 확보하였다.

Keywords

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Figure 1. Effect of independent variables on TPC.

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Figure 2. 3-D Response surface graph of TPC.

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Figure 3. Effect of independent variables on TFC.

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Figure 4. 3-D Response surface graph of TFC.

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Figure 5. Effect of independent variables on DPPH.

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Figure 6. 3-D Response surface graph of DPPH.

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Figure 7. Superimposing contour map of optimized conditions for TPC, TFC, DPPH.

Table 1. Levels in Extraction Condition for Rice Bran Based on Central Composite Design with Coded Values

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Table 2. Central Composite Design for Optimization of Extraction Condition for Rice Bran Based on Un-coded Values

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Table 3. Experimental Data on Total Phenolic Content (TPC), Total Flavonoid Content (TFC) and Electron Donation Ability (EDA) of Extract by Central Composite Design for Response Surface Methodology

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Table 4. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) of the Experimental Results of Central Composite Design for Full Quadratic Model

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Table 5. Second-order Polynominal Equations Developed by Central Composite Design for the Optimization of Extraction Conditions of Rice Bran

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Table 6. Optimization of Extraction Condition for Response Variables by Superimposing Contour Map Using Three Variables Simultaneously

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