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A Study on Detection and Monitoring in land creeping area by Using the UAV

무인기를 활용한 산지 땅밀림 피해지점 탐지 및 모니터링 방안 연구

  • Seo, Jun-Pyo (Division of Forest Disaster Management, National Institute of Forest Science) ;
  • Woo, Choong-Shik (Division of Forest Disaster Management, National Institute of Forest Science) ;
  • Lee, Chang-Woo (Division of Forest Disaster Management, National Institute of Forest Science) ;
  • Kim, Dong-Yeob (Division of Forest Disaster Management, National Institute of Forest Science)
  • 서준표 (국립산림과학원 산림방재연구과) ;
  • 우충식 (국립산림과학원 산림방재연구과) ;
  • 이창우 (국립산림과학원 산림방재연구과) ;
  • 김동엽 (국립산림과학원 산림방재연구과)
  • Received : 2018.08.16
  • Accepted : 2018.11.02
  • Published : 2018.11.30

Abstract

This paper proposes a method to detect and monitor the land creeping area using a UAV to analyze the damaged area efficiently. Using a UAV, it was possible to secure the safety of the investigators before the field survey and effectively utilize it to establish an investigation plan because an orthophoto can be used to detect and scale the cracks in a land creeping area. In addition, it was possible to analyze the scale of the crack quantitatively by extracting the topographic information from the orthophoto. The study sites were found to have a total crack area of 1.01 ha, a length of 1.07 km, an average width of 10 m, and a step distance of 1 to 10 m. Periodic UAV measurements can be used to detect displacements on the land creeping area and monitor the direction and scale of crack spread. Therefore, it is expected to be used effectively during recovery planning. Applying the UAV to the land creeping area resulted in the qualitative and quantitative results quickly and easily in dangerous mountainous watersheds. Therefore, it is expected that it will contribute to the development of related industries because of the high availability of a UAV in forest soil sediment disasters, such as landslides, debris flow, and land creeping area.

땅밀림 피해지에서 피해지점 및 균열 탐지, 피해규모를 효율적으로 분석하기 위해서 무인기를 활용한 피해지 탐지 및 모니터링 방안에 대해 본 연구에서 제시하였다. 땅밀림 피해지에서 무인기를 촬영하고 분석한 결과, 정사영상을 구축하면 피해지의 균열 탐지 및 규모를 파악할 수 있기 때문에 현장조사 전에 조사자 안전을 확보하고, 조사계획 수립에 효율적 활용이 가능하였다. 또한, 정사영상에서 지형정보를 추출하면 땅밀림 피해지 균열에 대한 정량적 분석이 가능하였다. 본 연구에서 시범적으로 적용한 대상지에서는 전체 균열 면적 1.01ha, 길이 1.07km, 평균 폭 10m, 단차범위 1~10m로 땅밀림 피해가 발생한 것으로 나타났다. 땅밀림 피해지에서는 정기적인 무인기 촬영을 통하여 지형변위를 탐지하고 피해 확산 방향, 규모 등에 대한 모니터링이 가능하기 때문에 복구계획 수립에 효율적으로 활용할 수 있다. 무인기를 이용하여 땅밀림 피해지에 시험 적용한 결과, 지형이 험준하고 위험한 산지에서 빠르고 쉽게 정성적 정량적 결과를 획득할 수 있는 장점이 있었다. 산사태, 토석류, 땅밀림과 같은 산지토사재해 현장에서 무인기 활용가치가 높기 때문에 관련 산업분야 발전에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

Keywords

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Fig. 1. Photograph of topodrone-100 (a) Plan view (b) Front view

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Fig. 2. Photograph of land creeping damaged area

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Fig. 3. Scene of UAV takeoff in survey area

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Fig. 4. Aerial photographs (a) and topographical data (b) acquired by UAV in 2016

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Fig. 5. Air photographs (a) and topographical data (b) acquired by airphoto in 2014

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Fig. 6. Results of detection for land creeping area (a), (b), (c) enlarged photo. Yellow B ' is a picture taken with a camera in the field

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Fig. 7. Photograph of field survey

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Fig. 8. Results of extracting land creeping area (a) location information for crack, ridge, and external force direction (b) profile graph for A-A'

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Fig. 9. Results of spatial analysis

Table 1. Specification of topodrone-100

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Table 2. Results of quantitative analysis about crack

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