Journal of Wetlands Research (한국습지학회지)

Korean Wetlands Society (한국습지학회)
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Vegetation and Water Characteristics of an Eco-technological Water Purifying Biotope in Yongin

용인시에 위치한 생태공학적 수질정화 비오톱의 식생 및 수환경 특성

  • Nam, Bo Eun (Department of Biology Education, Seoul National University) ;
  • Kim, Jae Geun (Department of Biology Education, Seoul National University) ;
  • Hong, Mun Gi (Department of Biology Education, Seoul National University)
  • Received : 2018.08.21
  • Accepted : 2018.11.06
  • Published : 2018.11.30
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Abstract

Vegetation and water characteristics of an eco-technological water purifying biotope were investigated at five years after the wetland construction. A total of 91 vascular plant species in 36 families were recorded. Initially planted emergent macrophytes such as Phragmites australis, P. japonicus, Zizania latifolia, Typha latifolia, and T. angustifolia mainly comprised the vegetational components of the wetland. The effect of water purification was observed markedly in most indicators such as electric conductivity (P < 0.01), $NO_3-N$ (P < 0.05), $NH_4-N$ (P < 0.001), $K^+$ (P < 0.05), $Na^+$ (P < 0.01), and $Mg^{2+}$ (P < 0.01). In particular, $NO_3-N$ and $NH_4-N$ concentrations decreased to about 60% and 30%, respectively, via the purification process of the wetland. Separativeness and curvature from the meandering structure of 15 units (multi-cell wetland system) seemed likely to make the wetland continuously play a role as an eco-technological water purifying biotope. We recommend that eco-technological design factors should be included in wetland constructions for efficient and continuous functioning, thus enhancing ecological values of wetlands.

조성 후 5년이 경과한 생태공학적 수질정화 비오톱을 대상으로 식생 및 수환경 분석을 수행하였다. 그 결과, 총 36과에 속하는 91종의 유관속식물종이 확인되었으며 갈대, 달뿌리풀, 줄, 큰잎부들 그리고 애기부들 등 초기 식재된 대형정수식물들이 주된 식생 요소로 확인되었다. 또한, 전기전도도(P < 0.01)를 포함하여 질산태(P < 0.05) 및 암모니움태 질소(P < 0.001)와 칼륨(P < 0.05), 나트륨(P < 0.01) 및 마그네슘(P < 0.01) 등에서 수질정화 효과가 확인되었다. 그 중에서도 질산태 및 암모니움태 질소의 경우 인공습지를 경유하는 과정을 통해 각각 약 60% 및 30% 수준으로 감소하는 수질 개선 효과를 나타내었다. 15개의 단위습지(다중셀습지)가 곡류형 하천과 같은 형태로 조성됨에 따른 '분리성'과 '곡률'은 본 인공습지가 온전한 생태공학적 수질정화 비오톱으로서 지속적으로 기능할 수 있도록 기여한 것으로 판단된다. 인공습지 조성에 있어, 습지로 하여금 다양한 기능들을 안정적으로 수행할 수 있도록 함으로써 습지의 생태적 가치를 제고하는 생태공학적 디자인 요소 반영을 적극 제안하는 바이다.

Keywords

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Fig. 1. Maps and information of the eco-technological water purifying biotope in Yongin. Consecutive numbers (1 ~ 15) on the biotope(b) indicate individual wetland units of the biotope as a multi-cell wetland system.

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Fig. 2. Vegetation map of the eco-technological water purifying biotope.

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Fig. 3. Water depth of individual wetland unit (n = 15) of the study site. Error bars indicate standard error (n = 10). Different alphabets indicate statistically different sub-groups by Duncan's post hoc test (P < 0.05).

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Fig. 4. Water characteristics of the eco-technological water purifying biotope (a total of 15 wetland units, n = 73). Samples from the 1st wetland unit (next to the inflow, n = 4) were statistically compared with those from the 15th wetland unit (before the outflow, n = 5). n.s. = 'not significant (P ≥ 0.05)', * = 'P < 0.05', ** = 'P < 0.01', *** = 'P < 0.001'.

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Fig. 5. Relationship between wetland area (ha) and number of plant species based on the dataset derived from the studies on natural and artificial wetlands in Korea (n = 100). Black (n = 1) and white circles (n = 99) indicates the study site and the cases of comparative wetland, respectively. Detail information of the comparative cases is presented in Appendix 2.

Table 1. Results of the vegetation survey on the study site. All vegetational components of over 1 m2 in coverage area were included in the survey.

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