Current Optics and Photonics

Optical Society of Korea (한국광학회)
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Investigation of a Photothrombosis Inducing System for an Observation of Transient Variations in an in vivo Rat Brain

  • Oh, Sung Suk (Medical Device Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (DGMIF)) ;
  • Park, Hye Jin (Medical Device Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (DGMIF)) ;
  • Min, Han Sol (Laboratory Animal Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (DGMIF)) ;
  • Kim, Sang Dong (Laboratory Animal Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (DGMIF)) ;
  • Bae, Seung Kuk (Laboratory Animal Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (DGMIF)) ;
  • Kim, Jun Sik (Laboratory Animal Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (DGMIF)) ;
  • Ryu, Rae-Hyung (Laboratory Animal Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (DGMIF)) ;
  • Kim, Jong Chul (Laboratory Animal Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (DGMIF)) ;
  • Kim, Sang Hyun (Laboratory Animal Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (DGMIF)) ;
  • Lee, Seong-jun (Medical Device Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (DGMIF)) ;
  • Kang, Bong Keun (Medical Device Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (DGMIF)) ;
  • Choi, Jong-ryul (Medical Device Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (DGMIF)) ;
  • Sohn, Jeong-woo (Department of Medical Science, Catholic Kwandong University, International St. Mary's Hospital)
  • Received : 2018.09.17
  • Accepted : 2018.11.15
  • Published : 2018.12.25
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Abstract

For the spatiotemporally aligned observation of photothrombosis induction and transient variations of in vivo brain stroke, we developed a novel photothrombosis inducing system compatible to a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system using nonmagnetic stereotaxic equipment. From the spatial point of view, the system provides a more reliable level of reproducibility of the photothrombosis in each brain. From the temporal point of view, from T1- and T2-weighted in vivo MR (magnetic resonance) images, the transient variations such as incidence, location, and size of the thrombosis are measured quantitatively. In addition, the final variation is observed in the ex vivo brain by TTC (Triphenyltetrazolium chloride) staining based on histological assay and utilized for the verification of the MR images. From the experimental result of the rat brain, the proposed system shows more reliable characteristics for transient variations of brain strokes.

Keywords

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FIG. 1. (a) A schematic of a photothrombosis inducing system for precisely positioned magnetic resonance imaging. (b) A diagram of how a stereotaxic frame holding a rat moves to a knee coil in a magnetic resonance imaging system after a generation of brain damage by photothrombosis.

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FIG. 2. A schematic of procedures in generation of brain damage by photothrombosis, transient and non-invasive MR imaging, and histological identification of brain damages by TTC staining.

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FIG. 3. Transient T1- and T2-weighted magnetic resonance images of the brain in the rat acquired immediately (0), 24, 48, and 72 hours after the photothrombosis.

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FIG. 4. (a) Estimated of regions of manually segmented measurements of average intensities in magnetic resonance images (①: a photothrombosis induced region, ②: a non-induced region of the rat brain, ③: a background region). Average intensities of (b) T2-and (c) T1-weighted magnetic resonance images on photothrombosis induced (black), non-induced (red), and background (blue) regions. Each average intensity was determined by manually segmented measurements with a size of 1.56 × 1.56 mm2. An error bar in each bar represents the standard deviation for the intensity in the measurement area established.

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FIG. 5. Three-dimensional projected images of the rat brain after (a) 0 and (b) 24 hours of brain damage generation by the photothrombosis inducing system.

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FIG. 6. An overall photograph of the rat brain that was removed 72 hours after brain damage generation by photothrombosis and a result of histological confirmation by TTC staining and brain slicing.

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