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Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (생화학분자생물학회)
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Rules for functional microRNA targeting

  • Kim, Doyeon (Center for RNA Research, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul National University) ;
  • Chang, Hee Ryung (Center for RNA Research, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul National University) ;
  • Baek, Daehyun (Center for RNA Research, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul National University)
  • Received : 2017.09.06
  • Published : 2017.11.30
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Abstract

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are ~22nt-long single-stranded RNA molecules that form a RNA-induced silencing complex with Argonaute (AGO) protein to post-transcriptionally downregulate their target messenger RNAs (mRNAs). To understand the regulatory mechanisms of miRNA, discovering the underlying functional rules for how miRNAs recognize and repress their target mRNAs is of utmost importance. To determine functional miRNA targeting rules, previous studies extensively utilized various methods including high-throughput biochemical assays and bioinformatics analyses. However, targeting rules reported in one study often fail to be reproduced in other studies and therefore the general rules for functional miRNA targeting remain elusive. In this review, we evaluate previously-reported miRNA targeting rules and discuss the biological impact of the functional miRNAs on gene-regulatory networks as well as the future direction of miRNA targeting research.

Keywords

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