Parasites, Hosts and Diseases

The Korea Society for Parasitology and Tropical Medicine (대한기생충학·열대의학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Echinostoma macrorchis (Digenea: Echinostomatidae): Metacercariae in Cipangopaludina chinensis malleata Snails and Adults from Experimental Rats in Korea

  • Sohn, Woon-Mok (Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine) ;
  • Na, Byoung-Kuk (Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine)
  • Received : 2017.05.07
  • Accepted : 2017.08.02
  • Published : 2017.10.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

A survey was performed to know the infection status of echinostome metacercariae in Cipangopaludina chinensis malleata snails from Korea. Total 75 snails collected in 5 localities, i.e., Imsil-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Hwasun-gun and Shinan-gun (Aphae and Jido), Jeollanam-do, and Jinju-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, were examined for metacercariae by the artificial digestion method. Infection rates of metacercariae were 80.0%, 66.7%, 100%, 60.0%, and 73.3%, and their densities were 39, 32, 183, 19, and 30 per snail infected, respectively. The metacercariae were round, $105-118{\times}105-118{\mu}m$ in size, with a thin cyst wall, collar spines on the head collar, and excretory granules in 2 canals of excretory tube. Adult flukes were elongated, ventrally curved, and $5,167{\times}939{\mu}m$ in average size. Head collar distinct, bearing 45 collar spines with 5 end groups on each side. Oral sucker subterminal, pharynx well developed, and esophagus somewhat short. Cirrus sac well developed, with a saccular seminal vesicle, and ventral sucker very large. Ovary elliptical and on the median line of the body. Testes tandem and slightly lobed. Eggs operculated, elliptical, and $90-103{\times}55-60{\mu}m$ in size. By scanning electron microscopy, the head collar was prominent with 45 collar spines resembling horns of younger stags. Scale-like tegumental spines were densely distributed on the body surface between the head collar and ventral sucker. Conclusively, it has been first confirmed that the life cycle of E. macrorchis is indigenously maintained in Korea, and C. chinensis malleata snails are popularly infected with the metacercariae of this echinostome.

Keywords

References

  1. Chai JY. Echinostomes in Humans. In Fried B, Toledo R, eds, The Biology of Echinostomes: from the Molecule to the Community. New York, USA. Springer. 2009, pp 147-183.
  2. Huffman JE, Fried B. Echinostoma and echinostomiasis. Adv Parasitol 1990; 29: 215-269.
  3. Ando R, Ozaki Y. On four new species of trematodes of the family Echinostomatidae. Dobutsugaku Zasshi 1923; 35: 108-119 (in Japanese).
  4. Majima M. Echinostoma macrorchis found in a man. Tokyo Iji Shinshi 1927; 2552: 2260-2263 (in Japanese).
  5. Shibue H. Studies on the trematodes of birds in Kyushu. Kurume Igakkai Zasshi 1954; 17: 178-183 (in Japanese).
  6. Okabe N, Okabe K. On a human case infected with three species of trematodes. Nippon Iji Shimpo 1972; 2531: 46-48 (in Japanese).
  7. Yokohata Y, Abe H, Jiang YP, Kamiya M. Gastrointestinal helminth fauna of Japanese moles, Mogera spp. Jpn J Vet Res 1989; 37: 1-13.
  8. Ito M, Itagaki T. Survey on wild rodents for endoparasites in Iwate Prefecture, Japan. J Vet Med Sci 2003; 65: 1151-1153. https://doi.org/10.1292/jvms.65.1151
  9. Fischthal JH, Kuntz RE. Some digenetic trematodes of mammals from Taiwan. Proceed Helminthol Soc Washington 1975; 42: 149-157.
  10. Fischthal JH, Kuntz RE. Additional records of digenetic trematodes of mammals from Taiwan. Proceed Helminthol Soc Washington 1981; 48: 71-79.
  11. Lo CT. Echinostoma macrorchis: life history, population dynamics of intramoluscan stages, and the first and second intermediate hosts. J Parasitol 1995; 81: 569-576. https://doi.org/10.2307/3283855
  12. Sohn WM, Chai JY, Na BK, Yong TS, Eom KS, Park H, Min DY, Rim HJ. Echinostoma macrorchis in Lao PDR: Metacercariae in Cipangopaludina snails and adults from experimentally infected animals. Korean J Parasitol 2013; 51: 191-196. https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2013.51.2.191
  13. Choe S, Lee D, Park H, Oh M, Jeon HK, Lee Y, Na KJ, Kim Y, Lee H, Eom KS. Three echinostome species from wild birds in the Republic of Korea. Korean J Parasitol 2014; 52: 513-520. https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2014.52.5.513
  14. Choe S, Lee D, Park H, Jeon HK, Lee Y, Kim E, Na KJ, Eom KS. Two echinostome species, Pegosomum bubulcum and Nephrostomum ramosum (Digenea: Echinostomatidae), from an Eastern cattle egret, Bubulcus ibis coromandus, in Republic of Korea. Korean J Parasitol 2016; 54: 485-496. https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2016.54.4.485
  15. Choe S, Lee D, Park H, Jeon HK, Lee Y, Na KJ, Park SR, Eom KS. A case of chaunocephalosis by Chaunocephalus ferox (Digenea: Echinostomatidae) in an oriental white stork, Ciconia boyciana, in Korea. Korean J Parasitol 2016; 54: 659-665. https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2016.54.5.659
  16. Lee YI, Chung OS, Seo M. Recovery of Oswaldotrema nacinovici from whimbrels (Aves) in Korea. Korean J Parasitol 2016; 54: 809-812. https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2016.54.6.809
  17. Ryang YS. Studies on Echinostoma spp. in the Chungju Reservoir and upper stream of the Namhan River. Korean J Parasitol 1990; 28: 221-233 (in Korean). https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.1990.28.4.221
  18. Son WY, Huh S, Lee SU, Woo HC, Hong SJ. Intestinal trematode infections in the villagers in Koje-myon, Kochang-gun, Kyongsangnam-do, Korea. Korean J Parasitol 1994; 32: 149-155. https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.1994.32.3.149
  19. Ahn YK, Ryang YS. Experimental and epidemiological studies on the life cycle of Echinostoma hortense Asada, 1926 (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae). Korean J Parasitol 1986; 24: 121-136 (in Korean). https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.1986.24.2.121
  20. Lee SK, Chung NS, Ko IH, Sohn WM, Hong ST, Chai JY, Lee SH. An epidemiological survey of Echinostoma hortense infection in Chongsong-gun, Kyongbuk province. Korean J Parasitol 1988; 26: 199-206 (in Korean). https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.1988.26.3.199
  21. Chai JY, Hong ST, Lee SH, Lee GC, Min YI. A case of echinostomiasis with ulcerative lesions in the duodenum. Korean J Parasitol 1994; 32: 201-204. https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.1994.32.3.201
  22. Lee OJ, Hong SJ. Gastric echinostomiasis diagnosed by endoscopy. Gastrointest Endosc 2002; 55: 440-442. https://doi.org/10.1067/mge.2002.121193
  23. Cho CM, Tak WY, Kweon YO, Kim SK, Choi YH, Kong HH, Chung DI. A human case of Echinostoma hortense (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae) infection diagnosed by gastroduodenal endoscopy in Korea. Korean J Parasitol 2003; 41: 117-120. https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2003.41.2.117
  24. Chang YD, Sohn WM, Ryu JH, Kang SY, Hong SJ. A human infection of Echinostoma hortense in duodenal bulb diagnosed by endoscopy. Korean J Parasitol 2005; 43: 57-60. https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2005.43.2.57
  25. Park CJ, Kim J. A human case of Echinostoma hortense infection diagnosed by endoscopy in area of southwestern Korea. Korean J Med 2006; 71: 229-234.
  26. Takahashi S. The life cycles of Echinostoma cinetorchis and E. macrorchis, particularly on their first and second intermediate hosts. Fukuoka Ika Daigaku Zasshi 1927; 20: 712-723 (in Japanese).
  27. Kurisu S. Study on trematodes who take Viviparus as their intermediate host. Seiikai Zasshi 1930; 49: 65-73 (in Japanese).
  28. Kurokawa T. Studies on trematodes taking Bulinus (Parafossarulus) striatus (Pilsbry) as their intermediate host and on their metacercariae. Tokyo Iji Shinshi 1935; 2937: 1795-1800 (in Japanese).
  29. Yamashita J. Echinostome. Progr Med Parasitol Japan 1964; 1: 289-313.
  30. Ochi S. Studies on the life cycle of Echinostoma macrorchis. Tokyo Joigaku Zasshi 1931; 1: 12-32 (in Japanese).
  31. Ando R, Tsuyuki H. Studies on intestinal parasites taking rats as their final host (II) On Echinostoma in Nagoya city and its second intermediate host. Tokyo Iji Shinshi 1923; 2340: 1487-1499 (in Japanese).
  32. Ishii N. Studies on rat trematodes. Jikken Igaku Zasshi 1935; 19: 1122-1128 (in Japanese). https://doi.org/10.3412/jsb1917.19.8_1122
  33. Komiya Y. Metacercariae in Japan and adjacent territories. Progr Med Parasitol Japan 1965; 2: 1-328.
  34. Yamaguti S. Studies on the helminth fauna of Japan. Part. 27. Trematodes of mammals, II. Jpn J Med Sci 1939; 1: 131-151.
  35. Yamaguti S. Genus Echinostoma Rud., 1809. In Synopsis of Digenetic Trematodes of Vertebrates (Vol. I & II). Tokyo, Japan. Keigaku Publishing Co. 1971, pp 529-533.
  36. Bashikirova E. Family Echinostomatidae Dietz, 1909. In Skrjabin KI ed, Trematodes of Animals and Man. Vol. I. Moscow-Leningrad, Russia. Academy of Sciences of the USSR. 1947, pp 246- 305 (English translated version).
  37. Skrjabin KI, Petrov AM, Bashikirova E. Echinostomes of domestic and wild birds in USSR. In Skrjabin KI ed, Trematodes of Animals and Man, Vol. I. Moscow-Leningrad, Russia. Academy of Sciences of the USSR. 1947, pp 306-407 (English translated version).
  38. Skrjabin KI, Bashikirova E. Family Echinostomatidae Dietz, 1909. In Skrjabin KI ed, Trematodes of Animals and Man. Vol. XII. Moscow, Russia. Academy of Sciences of the USSR. 1956, pp 53-930.
  39. Odening K. Trematoda from Indian birds in the Berlin zoological gardens. Z Parasitenkd 1962; 21: 381-425.
  40. Kanev I, Fried B, Radev V. Collar spine models in the genus Echinostoma (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae). Parasitol Res 2009; 105: 921-927. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-009-1475-0

Cited by

  1. Echinostoma macrorchis Metacercariae in Cipangopaludina chinensis malleata from Xiengkhuang Province, Lao PDR and Morphologies of Adults from Experimental Animals vol.57, pp.6, 2017, https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2019.57.6.657
  2. Snail-borne zoonotic trematodes in edible viviparid snails obtained from wet markets in Northern Thailand vol.94, pp.None, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022149x20000814
  3. A review of the non-indigenous Chinese mystery snail, Cipangopaludina chinensis (Viviparidae), in North America, with emphasis on occurrence in Canada and the potential impact on indigenous aquatic sp vol.29, pp.2, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1139/er-2020-0064