재활복지공학회논문지 (Journal of rehabilitation welfare engineering & assistive technology)

한국재활복지공학회 (Rehabilitation Engineering And Assistive Technology Society of Korea)
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초등학생의 스마트폰 의존도에 관한 잠재프로파일분석

Latent Profile Analysis on Smart Phone Dependence of Elementary School Students

  • 염동문 (창신대학교 사회복지학과)
  • 투고 : 2016.11.04
  • 심사 : 2017.03.07
  • 발행 : 2017.05.31
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초록

본 연구는 초등학생의 스마트폰 의존도 프로파일을 탐색하고, 프로파일에 나타난 집단별 특성을 살펴보는데 목적이 있다. 한국청소년정책연구의 한국아동 청소년패널조사(Korea Chilren and Youth Panel Survey, KCYPS)의 초등학생 5차년도 자료를 이용하여 1,585명의 초등학생을 대상으로 스마트폰 의존도에 대한 잠재프로파일분석으로 실시하였다. 분석 결과, 적합도 지수와 잠재계층 분류율에 따라 3개 계층 유형이 선택되었다. 유형 1은 모든 지표에서 낮게 나타나 저의존집단(50.1%)으로, 유형 2는 모두 지표에서 높게 나타나 고의존집단(10.7%)으로, 유형3은 모든 지표에서 중간 수준으로 나타나 중의존집단(39.2%)으로 명명하였다. 스마트폰 의존도 특성을 예측하기 위해 다항로지스틱회귀분석을 실시한 결과, 고의존집단을 기준으로 중의존집단과 비교했을 때, 자아존중감이 높을수록, 또래애착이 낮을수록 중의존집단에 속할 가능성이 높게 나타났다. 저의존집단과 비교한 결과에서는 자아존중감이 높을수록, 친구교제시간이 적을수록, 방임의 정도가 낮을수록, 또래애착이 낮을수록 저의존집단에 속할 가능성이 높게 나타났다. 본 연구의 시사점, 제한점, 후속연구의 방향을 제시하였다.

Results of the analysis have revealed that the students were basically divided into three groups depending on goodness-of-fit index and latent class division factor. Type 1 was regarded as a low dependence group (50.1%) with all low indexes while Type 2 was classified as a high dependence group (10.7%) with all high indexes. As for Type 3, it was titled intermediate dependence group (39.2%) for the indexes showed a low-to-moderate movement. A multinomial logistic regression analysis was carried out to forecast smart phone dependence characteristics and as a consequence, when the high dependence group was compared to the intermediate dependence group, as self-esteem and peer attachment increased and deceased respectively, a chance of one being classified into the intermediate dependence group rose. In an investigation to compare the high dependence group with the low dependence group, it was confirmed that the greater the self-esteem, the shorter the peer socializing time, the lower the neglect degree and the lower the peer attachment, a chance for one belonging to the low dependence group increased. This study also offered implications, limits and directions in follow-up research.

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