Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (한국수산과학회지)

The Korean Society of Fisheries and Aquatic Science (한국수산과학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Molecular Identification of a Sea Anemone (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Actiniaria) Obtained in Gijang, Busan

부산 기장에서 채집된 말미잘의 분자생물학적 방법을 이용한 동정

  • Yoo, Sang Joon (Department of Aquatic Life Medicine, Pukyong National University) ;
  • Kim, Do-Hyung (Department of Aquatic Life Medicine, Pukyong National University)
  • 유상준 (부경대학교 수산생명의학과) ;
  • 김도형 (부경대학교 수산생명의학과)
  • Received : 2017.06.07
  • Accepted : 2017.07.27
  • Published : 2017.08.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

In this study, we tried to identify a sea anemone collected from the coast of Gijang, Busan. The anemone was morphologically similar to species belonging to the genus Anthopleura, but its morphological characteristics did not allow for confirmed identification to species level. Multiple genes from mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase III, 12S and 16S rRNA, and nuclear 18S and 28S rRNA, were amplified for multilocus sequence typing (MLST) analysis using genomic DNA extracted from the sampled anemone and a different primer set. Based on the MLST analysis, the anemone obtained in this study was identified as Anthopleura artemisia. Also, the sequence of internal transcribed spacer-2 was most closely related to A. artemisia, indicating that this single region might be useful for anemone identification. This study shows significance of molecular identification for sea anemones, and will be helpful in studies of sea anemone identification using genotyping-by-sequencing.

Keywords

References

  1. Carlgren O. 1949. A survey of the Ptychodactiaria, Corallimorpharia and Actiniaria. Almqvist Wiksells boktr 1, 1-121.
  2. Chen CA, Wallace CC and Wolstenholme J. 2002. Analysis of the mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene supports a two-clade hypothesis of the evolutionary history of scleractinian corals. Mol Phylogenet Evol 23, 10-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1055-7903(02)00008-8.
  3. Daly M, Chaudhuri A, Gusmao L and Rodriguez E .2008. Phylogenetic relationships among sea anemones (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Actiniaria). Mol Phylogenet Evol 48, 292-301. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2008.02.022.
  4. Daly M, Gusmao LC, Reft AJ and Rodriguez E. 2010. Phylogenetic signal in mitochondrial and nuclear markers in sea anemones. Integrat Comparat Biol 50, 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1093/icb/icq081.
  5. Flot JF, Licuanan WY, Nakano Y, Payri C, Cruaud C and Tillier S. 2008. Mitochondrial sequences of Seriatopora corals show little agreement with morphology and reveal the duplication of a tRNA gene near the control region. Coral Reefs 27, 789-794. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00338-008-0407-2.
  6. Flot JF, Dahl M and Andre C. 2013. Lophelia pertusa corals from the Ionian and Barents seas share identical nuclear ITS2 and near-identical mitochondrial genome sequences. BMC Res Notes 6, 144. https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-0500-6-144.
  7. Geller JB and Walton ED. 2001. Breaking up and getting together: evolution of symbiosis and cloning by fission in sea anemones (genus Anthopleura). Evolution 55, 1783. https://doi.org/10.1554/0014-3820(2001)055[1781:BUAGTE]2.0.CO;2.
  8. Gilan AF, Pegah J and Arash S. 2015. Morphology and phylogeny of the sea anemone Stichodactyla haddoni (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Actiniaria) from Chabahar Bay. Turk J Zool 39, 998-1003. https://10.3906/zoo-1310-4.
  9. Hellberg and Michael E. 2006. No variation and low synonymous substitution rates in coral mtDNA despite high nuclear variation. BMC Evol Biol 6, 24. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-6-24.
  10. Keshavmurthy S, Yang S, Alamaru A, Chuang Y, Pichon M, Obura D, Fontana S, De Palmas S, Stefani F, Benzoni F, MacDonald A, Noreen AME, Chen C, Wallace CC, Pillay RM, Denis V, Amri AY, Reimer JD, Mezaki T, Sheppard C, Loya Y, Abelson A, Mohammed MS, Baker AC, Mostafavi PG, Suharsono BA and Chen CA. 2013. DNA barcoding reveals the coral "laboratory-rat", Stylophora pistillata encompasses multiple identities. Sci Rep 3, 1520. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep01520.
  11. Pochon X, Pawlowski J, Zaninetti L and Rowan R. 2001. High genetic diversity and relative specificity among Symbiodinium-like endosymbiotic dinoflagellates in soritid foraminiferans. Mar Biol 139, 1069-1078. https://doi.org/10.1007/s002270100674.
  12. Pochon X and Ruth DG. 2010. A new Symbiodinium clade (Dinophyceae) from soritid foraminifera in Hawai'i. Mol phylogenet evol 56, 492-497. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2010.03.040.
  13. Reft A and Daly M. 2012. Morphology, distribution, and evolution of apical structure of nematocysts in Hexacorallia. J Morphol 273, 121-136. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmor.11014.
  14. Rodriguez E and Daly M. 2010. Phylogenetic relationships among deep-sea and chemosynthetic sea anemones: Actinoscyphiidae and Actinostolidae (Actiniaria: Mesomyaria). PLoS ONE 5, e10958. https://doi.ogr/10.1371/journal.pone.0010958.
  15. Rodriguez E, Barbeitos M, Daly M, Gusmao LC and Haussermann V. 2012. Toward a natural classification: phylogeny of acontiate sea anemones (Cnidaria, Anthozoa, Actiniaria). Cladistics 1, 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-0031.2012.00391.x.
  16. Rodriguez, E, Barbeitos MS, Brugler MR, Crowley LM, Grajales A, Gusmao L and Daly M. 2014. Hidden among sea anemones: the first comprehensive phylogenetic reconstruction of the order Actiniaria (Cnidaria, Anthozoa, and Hexacorallia) reveals a novel group of hexacorals. PLoS One 9, e96998, 28-34. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0096998.
  17. Rowan R and Powers DA 1991. A molecular genetic classification of zooxanthellae and the evolution of animal-algal symbioses. Science 251, 1348-1351. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.251.4999.1348.
  18. Shearer TL, Van OSL, Romano G and Worheide. 2002. Slow mitochondrial DNA sequence evolution in the Anthozoa (Cnidaria). Mol Ecol 11, 2475-2487. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-294x.2002.01652.x.
  19. Song JI. 1984. A systematic study on the Korean Anthozoa 8. Actiniaria (Hexacorallia). J Korean Res Instit Better Liv 34, 69.
  20. Song JI. 1992. Systematic study on Anthozoa from the Korea Strait in Korea: subclasses Zoantharia and Ceriantipatharia. Anim Syst Evol Divers 8, 259-278.
  21. Sonnenberg, Rainer, Arne WN and Diethard T. 2007. An evaluation of LSU rDNA D1-D2 sequences for their use in species identification. Front zool 4, 6. https://doi.org/10.1186/1742-9994-4-6.
  22. Stat M, Pochon X, Cowie R and Gates RD. 2009. Specificity in communities of Symbiodinium in corals from Johnston Atoll. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 386, 83-96. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps08080.
  23. Stephenson TA. 1922. On the classification of Actiniaria. Part III. - Definitions connected with the forms dealt with in Part II. Q J Microscop Sci 66, 247-319.
  24. Stoletzki N and Schierwater B. 2005. Genetic and color morph differentiation in the Caribbean sea anemone Condylactis gigantea. Mar Biol 147, 747-754. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-005-1620-y.