Changes in Outdoor Thermal Environment during Summer According to Surface Materials of Apartment Housing Block

공동주택 단지의 표면재료에 따른 하절기 옥외 열환경 변화

Economic growth and population concentration have led to rapid urbanization. This phenomenon of urbanization has resulted in deteriorating climate patterns as building-influenced urban microclimates, such as heat islands, develop and cause, directly or indirectly, loss of life and economic activity. In this study, apartment housing block, which comprise a large portion of the buildings in a city, were targeted for a quantitative analysis on the effect of building skin and surface cover of outdoor space on the outdoor thermal environment. The design elements and materials for building skins and surface cover of outdoor space were selected, and a case study was conducted by subjecting the selected materials to a simulated outdoor thermal environment. It was shown that while a change in the component materials of a roof surface plan affected its temperature, it did not have a direct impact on the MRT and HIP evaluation indexes. The component material change that resulted in the largest reduction in the roof surface temperature was the addition of grass. It was verified that a higher thermal insulation capacity in the outer wall insulation plan worsened the outdoor thermal environment. However, at $0.15W/m^2{\cdot}K$, the temperature increase rate in the MRT and HIP evaluation indexes was shown to decrease. An increase in the window wall ratio (WWR) in the doors and windows plan improved the outdoor thermal environment. In the surface cover plan for outdoor space, greening resulted in the largest reduction rate of the HIP and MRT evaluation indexes, and was not observed to affect the surface temperature of buildings.