한국환경보건학회지 (Journal of Environmental Health Sciences)

  • 제43권3호
  • /
  • Pages.185-193
  • /
  • 2017
  • /
  • 1738-4087(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2233-8616(eISSN)
한국환경보건학회 (Korean Society of Environmental Health)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

국내 계사(鷄舍) 작업장 유형에 따른 분진 농도 및 발생량 분포

Distribution of Concentration and Emission of Dust according to Types of Poultry Buildings in Korea

  • 김기연 (부산가톨릭대학교 산업보건학과)
  • Kim, Ki Youn (Department of Industrial Health, Catholic University of Pusan)
  • 투고 : 2017.02.06
  • 심사 : 2017.06.15
  • 발행 : 2017.06.28
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

Objectives: An on-site study was conducted in order to quantify indoor exposure levels and the emission rate of particulate matter for domestic poultry buildings. Materials and methods: Three types of poultry building (caged layer house, broiler house, and layer house with manure belt) as classified by mode of manure treatment and ventilation were investigated in this study. Nine sites per each poultry building were selected and visited for measuring exposure levels and emission rate of particulate matter. Total dust and respirable dust among the particulate matter were analyzed based on the weight method. Emission rates were estimated by dividing emission amount, which was calculated through multiplying indoor concentration ($mg/m^3$), by the ventilation rate ($m^3/h$), into indoor area ($m^2$) and number of poultry reared in the poultry building. Results: Mean exposure levels for total dust and respirable dust in the poultry buildings were $3.91({\pm}1.99)mg/m^3$ and $1.99({\pm}0.89)mg/m^3$, respectively. The emission rates of particulate matter in the poultry buildings were estimated as $4.75({\pm}1.22)mg\;head^{-1}h^{-1}$ and $64.39({\pm}24.95)g\;m^{-2}h^{-1}$ for total dust and $0.58({\pm}0.23)mg\;head^{-1}h^{-1}$ and $7.52({\pm}2.51)mg\;m^{-2}h^{-1}$ for respirable dust, respectively. The distribution patterns for total dust and respirable dust were similar regardless of poultry building type. Among poultry buildings, broiler house showed the highest exposure level and emission rate of total dust and respirable dust, followed by layer house with manure belt and caged layer house. Conclusions: The finding that the broiler house showed the highest exposure level and emission rate of particulate matter can be attributed to sawdust utilized as bedding material, which can be dispersed into the air by movements of the chickens. Thus, a work environmental management solution for optimally reducing dust concentrations is necessary for broiler houses.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Adrizal A, Patterson PH, Hulet RM, Bates RM, Myers CA, Martin GP, Shockey RL, van der Grinten M, Anderson DA, Thompson JR. Vegetative buffers for fan emissions from poultry farms: 2. ammonia, dust and foliar nitrogen. Journal of Environmental Science and Health B 2008;43:96-103. https://doi.org/10.1080/03601230701735078
  2. Alexander DJ. A review of avian influenza in different bird species. Veterinary Microbiology 2000; 7:43-13.
  3. Carey J. B, Lacey R. E, Mukhtar S. A Review of literature concerning odors, ammonia, and dust from broiler production facilities: 2. flock and house management factors. Journal of Applied Poultry Research 2004;13:509-513. https://doi.org/10.1093/japr/13.3.509
  4. Chang CW, Chung H, Huang CF, Su HJJ. Exposure assessment to airborne endotoxin, dust, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide in open style swine houses. Annals of Occupational Hygiene 2001;45:457-465. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-4878(00)00081-8
  5. Demmers TGM, Wathes CM, Richards PA, Teer N, Taylor LL, Bland V, Goodman J, Armstrong D, Chennells D, Done SH, Hartung J. A facility for controlled exposure of pigs to airborne dusts and gases. Biosystems Engineering 2003;84:217-230. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1537-5110(02)00243-X
  6. Hayes ET, Curran TP, Dodd VA. Odour and ammonia emissions from intensive pig units in Ireland. Bioresource Technology 2006;97:940-948. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2005.04.023
  7. Hilliger HG, Langner HJ, Hilbig V, Heckel U. Experiments for characterization of odour stuffs contained in the air of the interior of a laying-hen house. Zentralbl Bacteriology 1971;155:87-92.
  8. Hospido A, Sonesson U. The environmental impact of mastitis: a case study of dairy herds. Science of the Total Environment 2005;343:71-82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.006
  9. Kim JA, Cho SH, Kim HS, Seo SH. H9N2 influenza viruses isolated from poultry in Korean live bird markets continuously evolve and cause the severe clinical signs in layers. Veterinary Microbiology 2006;118:169-176. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2006.07.007
  10. Kim KY, Ko HJ, Kim HT, Kim YS, Roh YM, Lee CM, Kim CN. Quantification of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide emitted from pig buildings in Korea. Journal of Environmental Management 2008;88:195-202.
  11. Kim KY, Ko HJ, Kim YS, Kim CN. Assessment of Korean farmer's exposure level to dust in pig buildings. Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine 2008;15:51-58.
  12. Malin Karlsson, Anders Wallensten, Ake Lundkvist, Bjorn Olsen, Maria Brytting. A real-time PCR assay for the monitoring of influenza a virus in wild birds. Journal of Virological Methods 2007;144:27-31 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jviromet.2007.03.013
  13. Mayer D, Reiczigel J, Rubel F. A lagrangian particle model to predict the airborne spread of footand-mouth disease virus. Atmospheric Environment 2008;42:466-479. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.09.069
  14. Radon K, Weber C, Iversen M, Danuser B, Pedersen S, Nowak D. Exposure assessment and lung function in pig and poultry farmers. Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2001;58:405-410. https://doi.org/10.1136/oem.58.6.405
  15. Rimac D, Macan J, Varnai VM, Vucemio M, Matkovic K, Prester L, Orct T, Trosic I, Pavicic I. Exposure to poultry dust and health effects in poultry workers: impact of mould and mite allergens. Interantional Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health 2010;83:9-19.. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00420-009-0487-5
  16. Rodenburg TB, Tuyttens FA, Sonck B, De Reu K, Herman L, Zoons J. Welfare, health, and hygiene of laying hens housed in furnished cages and in alternative housing systems. Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science 2005;8:211-226. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327604jaws0803_5
  17. Thelin A, Tegler O, Rylander R. Lung reactions during poultry handling related to dust and bacterial endotoxin levels. European Journal of Respiratory Diseases 1984;65:266-271.
  18. Tymczyna L, Chmielowiec-Korzeniowska A, Drabik A, Skorska C, Sitkowska J, Cholewa G, Dutkiewicz J. Efficacy of a novel biofilter in hatchery sanitation: II. Removal of odorogenous pollutants. Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine 2007;14:151-157.
  19. Ullman J. L, Mukhtar S, Lacey R. E, Carey J. B. A review of literature concerning odors, ammonia, and dust from broiler production facilities: 4. remedial management practices. Journal of Applied Poultry Research 2004;13:521-531. https://doi.org/10.1093/japr/13.3.521
  20. Venter P, Lues JFR, Theron H. Quantification of bioaerosols in automated chicken egg production plants. Poultry Science 2004;83:1226-1231.
  21. Wathes CM, Holden MR, Sneath RW, White RP, Phillips VR. Concentrations and emission rates of aerial ammonia, nitrous oxide, methane, carbon dioxide, dust and endotoxin in UK broiler and layer houses. British Poultry Science 1997;38:14-28. https://doi.org/10.1080/00071669708417936