DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

다층모형을 활용한 독거노인의 삶의 만족도에 미치는 영향요인 분석 : 생산적 여가참여와 사회적지지의 조절효과를 중심으로

A Study on Multi-level Models in life satisfaction of Elderly Living alone : Moderating Effect of Elderly's Leisure Activity and Social Support

  • 투고 : 2017.04.04
  • 심사 : 2017.05.20
  • 발행 : 2017.05.28

초록

본 연구는 독거노인의 삶의 만족도에 영향을 미치는 요인을 확인한 연구로, 인구학적 배경, 경제 활동과 함께 생산적 여가참여와 사회적 지지의 조절효과를 검증하였다. 본 연구는 5차 국민노후보장패널의 독거노인 890명을 그 대상으로 하였으며, 독거노인의 삶의 만족도는 지역에 따른 무선효과를 가져 다층모형을 활용하여 분석을 실시하였다. 분석 결과 독거노인은 도에 사는 경우 광역시나 서울시에 사는 경우에 비해 삶의 만족도가 높았고, 생활비가 많을수록, 경제활동을 하고, 경제적으로 독립된 경우에 삶의 만족도가 높았다. 뿐만 아니라, 생산적 여가에 참여할 경우 그렇지 못한 경우 보다 삶의 만족도가 높으며, 사회적 지지를 많이 받을수록 삶의 만족도는 높아지는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 생산적 여가참여를 하는 경우 사회적 지지를 받을수록 독거노인의 삶의 만족도가 높아지는 조절효과가 나타나는 것을 확인하였다. 이를 바탕으로 독거노인의 생산적 여가참여의 촉진책과 사회적 지지를 높이기 위한 정책적 방안을 모색하여야 할 것이다.

This study aims to examine whether the life satisfaction of the elderly living alone is influenced by demographic background, economic activity, productive leisure participation and the moderating effect of social support. Data in this study was from 5th Korean Retirement Income Study, and 890 elderly living alone were extracted and analyzed, and a multi-level analysis was used to analyze the data because the life satisfaction of the elderly living alone has a random effect according to the region. The results of this study were as follows; First, the elderly living alone showed high life satisfaction when they live in province rather than Seoul or metropolitan city, spend higher living expenses, do economic activities, and they are economically independent. Second, those who participated in productive leisure activity were more satisfied with life than those who did not, and those who have social support are more satisfied with their life. Third, the relationship between productive leisure participation and life satisfaction was moderated by social support. When the elderly living alone participate in productive leisure activities, they feel more life satisfaction according to social support given to them.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Mi-Hye Kim, Je-Ran Chun, Seong-Ae Hong, "Factors of Family Function and Self-efficacy Influencing Old Patient's Decision of Advance Directives Attitude," Journal of Convergence for Information Technoloy, Vol. 6, No. 4, pp. 123-129, 2016.
  2. DOI: http://kostat.go.kr/portal/korea/kor_nw/2/6/5/index.board?bmode=read&aSeq=352215
  3. DOI:http://www.kihasa.re.kr/html/jsp/publication/periodical/focus/list.jsp
  4. Sung Ho Hu, Jong Dae Kim, "Analysis of Multi-level Effectiveness on Life Satisfaction in Old Age at KLIPS 2006," Journal of the Korean Gerontological Society, Vol. 31 No. 2, 2011.
  5. Joo-Yeon Lee, Young-Sook, Moon, “Effects of Chronic Pain an d Social support on Depression and Suicide in the Elderly,” Journal of Digital Convergence, Vol. 13, No. 10, pp. 445-458, 2015. https://doi.org/10.14400/JDC.2015.13.10.445
  6. Hee-Seung Song, “A study on the Relationship among Depression, Walking and Quality of Life for the Elderly-Focusing on the Moderation Effects of Walking,” Journal of Digital Convergence, Vol. 14, No. 8, pp. 515-525, 2016. https://doi.org/10.14400/JDC.2016.14.8.515
  7. Nam Hee Kim, Sun Young Lim, “Convergence Study on Diabetes Self-Management Knowledge, Social Support, Educational Needs of the diabetes in rural elderly,” Journal of the Korea Convergence Society, Vol. 8, No. 3, pp. 79-89, 2017. https://doi.org/10.15207/JKCS.2017.8.3.079
  8. Gab-Suk Lee, Wang-Kyu Lim, “Effects of the Leisure Activity and Social Support of the Elderly on Their Psychological Well-Being,” The Journal of the Korea Contents Association, Vol. 12, No. 10, pp. 291-306, 2012. https://doi.org/10.5392/JKCA.2012.12.10.291
  9. Ye Sung Kim, Woong Yong Ha, "A Study of the Effect of Participation in Productive Leisure Activities on the Suicide Ideation and Physical and Mental Health of Elderly Living Alone," Health and Social Welfare Review, Vol. 35 No .4, pp. 344-374, 2015. https://doi.org/10.15709/hswr.2015.35.4.344
  10. Young Choi, "Household Types and Health Status Among the Elderly People," Journal of Welfare for the Aged, Vol. 29, pp. 123-149, 2005.
  11. Ji-Sun Park, Young-Ju Yu, “ Convergence Factors Influencing the Quality of Life in the Elderly People Living Alone,” Journal of Digital Convergence, Vol. 14, No. 11, pp. 63-70, 2016. https://doi.org/10.14400/JDC.2016.14.11.63
  12. Sung-Hui Cho, "Factors affecting the Health Promotion Behaviors of the Low-Income Elderly Living Alone-Focusing on the Mediating Effect of Social Support," Journal of Digital Convergence, Vol. 13 No. 12, pp. 423-431, 2015. https://doi.org/10.14400/JDC.2015.13.12.423
  13. Min-Ah Lee, Jibum Kim, Jeong-han Kang, "Living Arrangement and the Life Satisfaction of Korean Older Adults : Examining the Mediating Effects of Parent-Adult Child Relationship," Health and Social Science, Vol. 29, pp. 41-67, 2011.
  14. Hye Kyung Han, Yu Ri Lee, “A Study on Factors Impacting on the Mental Health Level of the Elderly People Living Alone,” Journal of the Korean Gerontological Society, Vol. 29, No. 3, pp. 805-822, 2009.
  15. Soon-Mi Yang, Sook-Ja Hong, “Living Arrangement and Psychological Loneliness of Rural Elderly in Korea,” Journal of Korean Home Management Association, Vol. 21, No. 6, pp. 129-139, 2003.
  16. Hyun Jung Kang, "Social Activity and Satisfaction of Life in Female Elders Living Alone in Rural Area," Korean Journal of Social Welfare Research, Vol. 21, pp. 1-26, 2009.
  17. Suk-Hee Choi, Sun-Hee Song, “The Effect of elderly Wisdom on Life Satisfaction, Self-Esteem, Psychological Wellbeing and Quality of Child Relationship,” Journal of Digital Convergence, Vol. 12, No. 12, pp. 49-59, 2014. https://doi.org/10.14400/JDC.2014.12.12.49
  18. Sousa, L., Lyubomirsky, S. "Life satisfaction." Encylopedia of women and gender : Sex similarities and difference and impact of society on gender, Vol. 2, pp. 667-676, 2001.
  19. Soo-young Kim, Kyung-joo Moon, Su-jie Chang, Exploring Determinants of Life Satisfaction among Baby Boomers by Using Multi-Level Analysis, Korean Journal of Gerontological Social Welfare, Vol. 71, No. 4, pp. 391-421, 2016.
  20. Dong Bae Kim, Ene Young Park, Seong Ung Kim, The Study on Life Satisfaction of Older People by the Asset Types: Focused on the Moderation Effects of Economic Activity, Social Welfare Policy, Vol. 36, No. 3, pp. 471-494, 2009.
  21. Jeong Hwa Lee, Gyeong Hye Han, The Effects of Work and Leisure Activities on the Psychological Well-Being of the Rural Elderly in Korea, The Journal of Rural Society, Vol. 13, No. 1, pp. 209-238, 2003.
  22. McClelland, K. A., “Self-conception and life satifaction: Integrating aged subculture and activity theory,” Journal of Gerontology, Vol. 37, No. 6, pp. 723-732, 1982. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronj/37.6.723
  23. Jung Ui Lee, “Predictors of Life Satisfaction among Older Adults in S. Korea: Differences by Education Level,” Journal of the Korean Gerontological Society, Vol. 30, No. 3, pp. 709-726, 2010.
  24. Sungwon Kim, Eunjin Lee, Soondool Chung, "Life Satisfaction of Older Adults using Hierarchical Model Analysis focused on Individual and Community Factors," Journal of the Korean Gerontological Society, Vol. 36 No. 3, pp. 581-594, 2016.
  25. Seong Gyu Lee, “Factors Affecting Baby Boomer's Life Satisfaction : Focusing on Gender Difference,” Journal of Digital Convergence, Vol. 12, No. 10, pp. 73-86, 2014. https://doi.org/10.14400/JDC.2014.12.10.73
  26. Yi-cheol Kim, Jina Paik, “The Effects of Family Conflict, Social Support and Self-Esteem on Life Satisfaction of the Aged,” Journal of Digital Convergence, Vol. 14, No. 7, pp. 279-287, 2016. https://doi.org/10.14400/JDC.2016.14.7.279
  27. Tae Hyun Kim, Eun Joo Han, "Relationship of Self-Esteem, Stress and Social Support Experience to Psychological Well-Being Among Living-Alone Elderly People," Journal of Family Relations, Vol .9, No. 3, pp. 81-106, 2004.
  28. Gaymu, J., & Springer, S., "Living conditions and life satisfaction of older Europeans living alone : a gender and cross-country analysis," Ageing and Society, Vol. 30, pp. 1153-1175, 2010. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0144686X10000231
  29. Jung Don Kwon, Ju Yeon Cho, “A Study of Factors Influencing the Life Satisfaction of the Aged,” Journal of the Korea Gerontological Society, Vol. 20, No. 3, pp. 61-76, 2000.
  30. Ki Nam Park, “Gender Differences in the Life Satisfaction of Elderly,” Journal of the Korea Gerontological Society, Vol. 24, No. 3, pp. 13-29, 2004.
  31. Young Bum Kim, Joon Shik Park, “The Family Network and Life Satisfaction of Elderly in South Korea,” Journal of the Korea Gerontological Society, Vol. 24, No. 1, pp. 169-185, 2004.
  32. Min-Ah Lee, Jibum Kim, Jeong-han Kang, "Living Arrangement and the Life Satisfaction of Korean Older Adults : Examining the Mediating Effects of Parent-Adult Child Relationship," Health and Social Science, Vol. 29, pp. 41-67, 2011.
  33. Yong Min Choe, Sang Ju Lee, "Relationship between the Quality of Life and the Social Support Network for Single Home-owned Old People," Journal of Welfare for the Aged, Vol. 22, pp. 193-217, 2003.
  34. Hays, J. C., George, L. K., “The Life-Course Trajectory Toward Living Alone,” Research on aging, Vol. 24, No. 3, pp. 283-307, 2002. https://doi.org/10.1177/0164027502243001
  35. Kwuy Bun Kim, Yun Jung Lee, So hyune Sok, "A Comparative Study on Health Status, Depression, and Quality of Life between the Elderly Living with Family and the Elderly Living Alone," Korean Journal of Adult Nursing, Vol. 20, No. 5, pp. 765-777. 2008.
  36. Hee Kyung Kim, Hyun Ju Lee, Soon Mi Park, "Factors Influencing Quality of Life in Elderly Women Living Alone," Journal of the Korean Gerontological Society, Vol. 30, No. 2, pp. 279-292, 2010.
  37. Yu-Mi Jang, “A Study on Labor Market Policy according Wage and Labor time in the Korea,” Journal of Convergence for Information Technoloy, Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 7-13, 2013.
  38. Erik Van Ingen, Koen Van Eijck, "Leisure and SocialCapital, Leisure Sciences," Vol. 31, No. 2, pp. 192-206, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1080/01490400802686078
  39. Sang-Shik Shin, "The Effects of Elderly Leisure Activities and Social Capital on Life Satisfaction," Ph.D. dissertation, Hoseo University, 2011.
  40. Havinghurst, R. J., and Albrecht, R. "Older People," New York: Longmans, pp. 316, 1953.
  41. Ragheb, M. G., Griffith, C. A., “The contribution of leisure participation and leisure satisfaction to life of older person,” Journal of Leisure Research, Vol. 14, No. 4, pp. 295-306, 1982. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222216.1982.11969527
  42. Riddick, C. C., “Leisure satisfaction precursors,” Journal of Leisure Research, Vol. 18, No. 4, pp. 259-265, 1986. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222216.1986.11969664
  43. Hye Young Baek, “The Effects of Social Support and Satisfaction of Leisure Activities on Psychological Well-being of the Aged Participating in Senior Citizen's Center : Focusing on the Mediating Effect of Satisfaction of Leisure Activities,” Social Science Research Review, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp. 73-92, 2012.
  44. Hye-Jung Choi, Soon-Ki Back, “A Study on Depressive disposition by Convergence approach of Leisure History and Family situation in Elderly Women,” Journal of the Korea Convergence Society, Vol. 6, No. 5, pp. 295-302, 2015. https://doi.org/10.15207/JKCS.2015.6.5.295
  45. Sun Woo Lee, “Effects of Positive Attitude of Laughter Recreation Convergence Education on Psychological Happiness,” Journal of the Korea Convergence Society, Vol. 6, No, 3, pp. 37-49, 2015. https://doi.org/10.15207/JKCS.2015.6.3.037
  46. Hyunji Lee, "The impact of social activity on life satisfaction and depression of community-dwelling elderly:comparing living arrangement," Journal of Community Welfare, Vol. 48, pp. 269-290, 2014.
  47. Ok Hee Kim, "Analysis of Effects which Social Supports and Cohabiting Influence on the Elderly's Mental Health," Journal of social science research, Vol 22, pp. 234-255, 2013.
  48. Jae Yop Kim, Yun Kyung Chung, Jeen Suk Lee, "The Moderating Effect of Social Supportive Relationship in the Contribution of Adolescents' Experience of Domestic Child Abuse to Suicidal Ideation," Korean Journal of Social Welfare Research, Vol. 21, pp. 119-144, 2009.
  49. Rusell, D., Taylor, J., “Living alone and depressive symptoms: the influence of gender, physical disability, and social support among hispanic and non-hispanic older adults,” Journal of Gerontology: Social Science, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 95-104, 2009.
  50. Ki Tae Kim, Bong Gil Park, “Life Satisfaction and Socal Support Network of the Elderly Living Alone,” Journal of the Korea Gerontological Society, Vol. 20, No. 1, pp. 153-168, 2000.
  51. Hee Kyung Kim, Qin Lan Lin, Jung Sun Ann, "Relationship Between Depression and Quality of Life in Elderly Women Living Alone : The Moderating and Mediating Effects of Social Support and Social Activity," Journal of the Korean Gerontological Society, Vol. 31 No. 1, pp. 33-47, 2011.
  52. Sangchul Lee, Heejeong Jeon, "The Effects of Combined Indicator in Income Level and Living Arrangement, and Social Support on Life Satisfaction of Rural Elders," Korean Journal of Social Welfare Research, Vol. 51, pp. 53-76, 2016.
  53. Eun Surk Yi, “The Effects Suicide-Buffering Testing of Leisure Activity for Elderly,” Korean Journal of Sociology of Sport, Vol. 23, No. 3, pp. 179-203, 2010. https://doi.org/10.22173/jksss.2010.23.3.179
  54. E. Saito, Y. Sagawa, K. Kanagawa, "Social support as a predictor of health status among older adults living alone in Japan," Nursing and Health Sciences, Vol. 7, pp. 29-63, 2005. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-2018.2005.00220.x
  55. J. C. Hays, W. B. Saunders, E. P. Flint, B. H. Kaplan, D. G. Blazer, “Social support and depression as risk factors for loss of physical function in late life.,” Aging and Mental Health, Vol. 1, No. 3, pp. 209-220, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1080/13607869757092
  56. Sang Hee Jo, "A Study on the Effect of the Participation of the Aged at the Leisure to the Social Network and the Psychological Wellbeing," The Hanyoung Academic Journal, Vol. 4, pp. 431-456, 2012.
  57. DOI: http://institute.nps.or.kr/jsppage/recearch/panel/panel_01.jsp
  58. Jae Eun Seok, Eun Jin Jang, “The Effect of Social Relationship Resource by Gender on the Life Satisfaction of Elderly Living Alone,” Korean Journal of Gerontological Social Welfare, Vol. 71, No. 2, pp. 321-349, 2016.
  59. Na Rae Bae, Chung Sun Park, “A Study on the Ecological Factors Affecting the Quality of Life among the Elderly People,” Journal of the Korean Gerontological Society, Vol. 29, No. 2, pp. 761-779, 2009.
  60. Young Choi, “Economic and Health Status, Social Support and Depression of the Elderly Living Alone,” Social Science Research Review, Vol. 24, No. 4, pp. 103-123, 2008.
  61. Yoo-Mee Song, Sun-Ja Lee, Mi-Sook Ko, “The Mediational effects of Self-Esteem and Social Support on Relationship between Alone-Living Elder's Isolation and Quality of Life,” Journal of Social Welfare Development, Vol. 16, No. 4, pp. 369-391, 2010.