Abstract
This study examined the effects of adding dried blood mixed with Macsumsuk to the feed of broiler chickens. The blood had been dried at $200^{\circ}C$ in an ultra-high-temperature injection system and mixed in a 70:30 proportion of blood meal to Macsumsuk. The experiment consisted of four treatment groups of 150 chickens each. The control group received common broiler feed only, while treatment groups T1, T2, and T3 received feed supplemented with 0.5, 1.0, and 3.0% of the blood meal/Macsumsuk mixture, respectively. The diets were fed for a total of 35 days. Compared with the controls, body weight gain was improved in groups T1 (1,621 g), T2 (1,749 g), and T3 (1,739 g) (1,621-1,749 g vs. 1,448.5 g, respectively) and feed efficiency increased (p<0.01). The carcass rate in group T3 was higher by 83.26% than that in the controls (75.96 %) (p<0.01). The water holding capacity (WHC) increased in groups T1 and T2 (62.27 and 63.80% respectively) compared with controls (p<0.01). The intestine length was longer in groups T1 and T2 (53.98-55.48) than in controls (45.81) (p<0.01). Adding 0.5-1.0% of the dried blood meal Macsumsuk supplement resulted in a significant reduction in the cholesterol content (39.28~47.34 mg/100 g) compared with the controls (50.44 mg/100 g) (p<0.001); furthermore, the proportions of fatty acids including oleic (C18:1n9), ${\gamma}-linoleic$ (C18:3n6), eicosenoic (C20:1n9), and arachidonic (C20:4n6) acids were significantly increased (p<0.01). Compared with controls, the proportion of unsaturated fatty acids (UFA), mono-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), and proportion of UFA / SFA in group T1 was (68.66 vs. 69.35%, 51.22 vs 52.00%, and 2.19 vs. 2.26%, respectively) (p<0.05). However, the amino acid content of cystine and methionine of the treatment group (0.43~0.57%) was significantly higher than that of controls (0.38~0.46%) (p<0.05). Overall, supplementing the feed with 0.5-1.0% of the mixture of blood meal Macsumsuk improved productivity by increasing weight gain and feed efficiency, improved meat quality by increasing the water-holding capacity and levels of unsaturated fatty acids, and improved meat color.
본 시험은 가축혈액과 맥섬석을 7:3 중량비율로 잘 혼합하여 $200^{\circ}C$에서 초고온 순간 분무방식으로 건조된 혈분을 육계사료에 첨가 급여하여 생산성과 육질에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 육계(브로일러)병아리 600수(4처리 ${\times}$ 50수씩 ${\times}$ 3반복) 구분 배치(대조구; 건조혈분 무첨가; T1구, 건조혈분 0.5% 첨가; T2구, 건조혈분 1.0% 첨가; T3구, 건조혈분 3.0% 첨가)한 후 35일간 사양시험한 결과는 다음과 같다. 사료섭취량과 사료요구율은 대조구가 높은 경향이었고, 도체중은 T2구(1,749 g), T3구(1,739 g), T1구(1,621 g)가 대조구(1,448.5 g)보다 유의적으로 높았고(p<0.001), 도체율은 T3구(83.26%)가 유의적으로 높았다(p<0.001). 계육의 육질분석에서 조지방은 T2구(1.14%)가 높았고(p<0.001), 보수력은 T1구(62.27%)와 T2구(63.80%)가 유의적으로 높았다(p<0.001). 또한 육색에서 L값(명도)은 처리구(53.98~55.48)가 대조구(45.81)보다 크게 높았다(p<0.01). 또한 가슴과 다리육의 콜레스테롤 함량은 39.28~50.44 mg/100 g 범위에 있었고, 대부분 처리구가 39.28~47.34 mg/100 g 범위로서 대조구(50.44 mg/100g)보다 유의적으로 낮게 나타났다(p<0.001) 계육의 지방산 조성은 oleic acid가 가장 많았고, 그 다음으로 palmitic acid, linoleic acid, stearic acid 순으로 낮아졌다. 또한 불포화지방산(UFA) 및 단가불포화지방산(MUFA) 및 UFA/SFA 비율은 T1구가 각각 69.35%, 52.00% 및 2.26%로 다른 처리구보다 크게 높았다(p<0.05, p<0.01, p<0.001). 아미노산 함량에서는 cystine, methionine 함량이 처리구(0.43~0.57%)가 대조구(0.38~0.46%)보다 유의적으로 높았다(p<0.05). 이상의 결과를 종합해 보면, 가축혈액과 맥섬석을 7:3 비율로 혼합하여 제조한 혈분을 육계사료에 0.5~1.0% 정도 첨가급여하면 증체량, 사료효율 및 계육의 육질이 개선될 수 있을 것으로 판단되었다.
