Journal of Environmental Science International (한국환경과학회지)

The Korean Environmental Sciences Society (한국환경과학회)
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Analysis of the Long-term Trend of PM10 Using KZ Filter in Busan, Korea

KZ 필터를 이용한 부산지역 PM10의 장기 추세 분석

  • Do, Woo-gon (Busan Metropolitan City Institute of Health and Environment) ;
  • Jung, Woo-Sik (Department of Atmospheric Environment Information Engineering, Atmospheric Environment Information Research Center, Inje University)
  • 도우곤 (부산광역시 보건환경연구원) ;
  • 정우식 (인제대학교 대기환경정보공학과/대기환경정보연구센터)
  • Received : 2016.12.01
  • Accepted : 2017.01.17
  • Published : 2017.02.28
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Abstract

To determine the effect of air pollution reduction policies, the long-term trend of air pollutants should be analyzed. Kolmogorov-Zurbenko (KZ) filter is a low-pass filter, produced through repeated iterations of a moving average to separate each variable into its temporal components. The moving average for a KZ(m, p) filter is calculated by a filter with window length m and p iterations. The output of the first pass subsequently becomes the input for the next pass. Adjusting the window length and the number of iterations makes it possible to control the filtering of different scales of motion. To break down the daily mean $PM_{10}$ into individual time components, we assume that the original time series comprises of a long-term trend, seasonal variation, and a short-term component. The short-term component is attributable to weather and short-term fluctuations in precursor emissions, while the seasonal component is a result of changes in the solar angle. The long-term trend results from changes in overall emissions, pollutant transport, climate, policy and/or economics. The long-term trend of the daily mean $PM_{10}$ decreased sharply from $59.6ug/m^3$ in 2002 to $44.6ug/m^3$ in 2015. This suggests that there was a long-term downward trend since 2005. The difference between the unadjusted and meteorologically adjusted long-term $PM_{10}$ is small. Therefore, we can conclude that $PM_{10}$ is unaffected by the meteorological variables (total insolation, daily mean temperature, daily mean relative humidity, daily mean wind speed, and daily mean local atmospheric pressure) in Busan.

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