Journal of Conservation Science (보존과학회지)

The Korean Society Of Conservation Science For Cultural Heritage (한국문화재보존과학회)
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Chemical Characteristics of Timbers from the Yeongheungdo Shipwreck

영흥도선의 화학적 특성

  • Cha, Mi Young (Underwater Excavation & Conservation Division, National Research Institute of Maritime Cultural Heritage)
  • 차미영 (국립해양문화재연구소 수중발굴과)
  • Received : 2016.11.16
  • Accepted : 2017.02.09
  • Published : 2017.02.20
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Abstract

The Yeongheungdo shipwreck was excavated in the sea of Seomeopbeol, Ongjin-gun, Incheon, Korea. Chemical characterization of timbers from the shipwreck occurred via maximum moisture content, chemical composition, FT-IR, solid state $^{13}C$ NMR, and XRD analyses. As maximum moisture content of the outer part of the timbers averaged 623%, a phenomenon in that lignin increased relatively, according to the decrease in cellulose, and the ash content increased, which is typical of waterlogged archaeological wood was shown. The results from the FT-IR and solid state $^{13}C$ NMR analyses showed that the cellulose band of the outer part had disappeared or had remarkably decreased. In addition, the bands assigned to lignin dramatically increased. However, regarding the inner part of the timbers, hemicellulose and some crystalline cellulose and amorphous cellulose bands decreased. Therefore, a large difference exists between the degradation levels of the outer and inner parts of the timbers of the Yeongheungdo shipwreck.

영흥도선은 인천 옹진군 섬업벌 해역에서 인양된 통인신라시대의 고선박이다. 이 고선박의 상태를 파악하기 위하여 최대함수율과 온수추출, 알카리추출, 유기용매추출, 리그닌, 홀로셀룰로오스, 회분 분석을 통한 화학조성 분석과 FT-IR 및 solid state $^{13}C$ NMR, XRD을 통해 화학적 특성을 조사하였다. 영흥도선 선체편 외층의 최대함수율은 평균 623%로 수침고목재의 전형적인 특징인 셀룰로오스 감소에 따른 리그닌의 상대적인 증가 및 회분이 증가하는 현상을 보여주었다. 즉 영흥도선 선체편 외층의 셀룰로오스 흡수피크는 소멸되거나 현저하게 감소되어 나타났다. 또한 리그닌을 나타내는 흡수피크는 급격하게 증가하였다. 그러나 영흥도선 선체편 내층의 경우 헤미셀룰로오스와 일부 결정 및 비결정 영역의 셀룰로오스 흡수피크가 감소하여 나타났다. 따라서 영흥도선 선체편의 외층과 내층의 분해 정도의 차이가 큼을 보여주었다.

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