Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety (한국식품위생안전성학회지)

The Korean Society of Food Hygiene and Safety (한국식품위생안전성학회)
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A Study on the Identification of Animal Hair in Food

식품 중 동물 털 이물의 판별법 연구

  • Lee, Jae-Hwang (New Hazardous Substance Team, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety) ;
  • Park, Young-Eun (New Hazardous Substance Team, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety) ;
  • Lim, Byung-Chul (New Hazardous Substance Team, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety) ;
  • Kim, Ju-Shin (New Hazardous Substance Team, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety) ;
  • Choi, Jong-Hyun (New Hazardous Substance Team, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety) ;
  • Kang, Tae Sun (New Hazardous Substance Team, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety) ;
  • Lee, Jin-Ha (New Hazardous Substance Team, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety) ;
  • Kwon, Kisung (New Hazardous Substance Team, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety)
  • 이재황 (식품의약품안전처 식품의약품안전평가원 식품위해평가부 신종유해물질팀) ;
  • 박영은 (식품의약품안전처 식품의약품안전평가원 식품위해평가부 신종유해물질팀) ;
  • 임병철 (식품의약품안전처 식품의약품안전평가원 식품위해평가부 신종유해물질팀) ;
  • 김주신 (식품의약품안전처 식품의약품안전평가원 식품위해평가부 신종유해물질팀) ;
  • 최종현 (식품의약품안전처 식품의약품안전평가원 식품위해평가부 신종유해물질팀) ;
  • 강태선 (식품의약품안전처 식품의약품안전평가원 식품위해평가부 신종유해물질팀) ;
  • 이진하 (식품의약품안전처 식품의약품안전평가원 식품위해평가부 신종유해물질팀) ;
  • 권기성 (식품의약품안전처 식품의약품안전평가원 식품위해평가부 신종유해물질팀)
  • Received : 2016.11.22
  • Accepted : 2016.12.20
  • Published : 2017.02.28
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Abstract

Foreign materials with a variety of types and sizes are found in food; thus, extraordinary efforts and various analytical methods are required to identify the types of foreign materials and to find out accurate causes of how they unintentionally enter food. In this study, human, cow, pig, mouse, duck, goose, dog, and cat were chosen as various types of animal hairs because they can be frequently incorporated into food during its production or consumption step. We morphologically analyzed them using stereoscopic, optical, SUMP method, and scanning electron microscopes, showing differences in each type. In addition, X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (XRF) was used to analysis chemical compositions ($^{11}Na{\sim}^{92}U$, Mass%) of samples. As a result, we observed that mammalian hairs were mainly composed of sulfur. Organic compounds of samples were further analyzed by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) that can compare spectra of given materials; however, this method did not show significant differences in each sample. In this study, we suggest a rapid method for the identification of the causes and types of foreign materials in food.

식품 중 이물은 크기, 형태 및 종류가 다양하기 때문에 정확한 동정이나 감별이 어려운 경우가 있다. 이러한 이물의 종류 및 혼입경로를 파악하기 위해서는 형태학적 분석, 화학적 분석, 생물학적 분석 등의 다양한 분석법을 이용할 수 있다. 특히 동물 털(머리카락 포함) 이물은 그 형상이 유사하고 구분이 쉽지 않아 감별에 있어서 어려움이 있어 신속, 정확한 검사를 수행할 수 있는 시험법을 마련해야 할 필요가 있다. 동물 털은 보온, 보호 등 상징적 기능뿐만 아니라 특이적인 모양에 따른 방수, 방열 등 형태학적 구조와 상관적인 역할이 병행된다. 털은 유전적이거나 환경적 변이에 따른 모낭이 다양한 유형의 모발로서 발전시키기도 하고 퇴화시키기도 함으로써 신체 부위에 따라 길이나 굵기를 달리한다. 또한 동물 털의 구조는 중심부에 모수질, 그 외측에 모피질과 모표피 등으로 구성되어 형태학적 특징에 따라 분별되므로 본 연구에서는 식품에 혼입된 이물로 혼입된 사례가 있거나 혼입될 가능성이 있는 동물 털을 형태학적 관찰과 기기분석에 따른 비교를 살펴보고자 하였다. 형태학적 특성을 관찰하기 위해 실체현미경, 광학현미경, 주사현미경 및 SUMP법을 이용하여 측정한 결과, 털의 모표피, 모수질의 형태로 종류를 판별할 수 있었다. 무기성분의 조성을 분석하기 위해 X선 형광분석기로 측정한 결과, 모든 털의 주원소는 황(S)이었다. 유기성분의 구조적 특성을 분석하기 위해 적외선 분광광도계로 측정한 결과, 털은 모두 유사한 스펙트럼 패턴을 나타내었다. 이러한 결과를 볼 때 이물의 동물 털 여부는 X선 형광분석기와 적외선 분광광도계로 확인이 가능하고, 자세한 종류를 판별하기 위해서는 형태학적 분석이 필요한 것을 알 수 있었다. 각 검체들을 시료화 해놓는다면 식품에서 동물 털이 발견되었을 때 신속하게 종의 판별이 가능할 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

References

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