Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety (한국식품위생안전성학회지)

The Korean Society of Food Hygiene and Safety (한국식품위생안전성학회)
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Effect of Salt Concentration and Fermentation Temperature on Changes in Quality Index of Salted and Fermented Anchovy During Fermentation

식염농도 및 숙성온도가 멸치 젓갈의 숙성 중 위생품질인자의 변화에 미치는 영향

  • Ko, Young Aey (Dept. of Culinary Art Graduate School of Tourism Youngsan University) ;
  • Kim, Sung Hun (Dept. of Culinary Art Graduate School of Tourism Youngsan University) ;
  • Song, Ho Su (Dept. of Western Cuisine & Culinary Arts, Youngsan University)
  • 고영애 (영산대학교 관광대학원 조리예술전공) ;
  • 김성훈 (영산대학교 관광대학원 조리예술전공) ;
  • 송호수 (영산대학교 서양조리학과)
  • Received : 2016.09.27
  • Accepted : 2016.12.07
  • Published : 2017.02.28
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Abstract

Effect of salt concentration (10, 20 and 30%, respectively) and fermentation temperature (10 and $20^{\circ}C$, respectively) on changes in quality index (VBN, Histamine, Amino nitrogen, Total viable cell counts, Coliform bacteria and E. coli counts) of culinary salted and fermented anchovy during fermentation were investigated to suggestion of fundamental documents for industrial objectives. Our results show that the effect of salt concentration on changes in quality index was not high compared with fermentation temperature in salted and fermented anchovy with below 20% of salt concentration however effect of salt concentration and fermentation temperature on quality index was not significant with 30% salt concentration. And all most whole changes of quality index were rapidly increased or decreased for 30 days of fermentation.

멸치젓갈을 대상으로 젓갈의 품질에 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 식염의 농도 및 숙성 온도가 전체 숙성기간 동안에 식품 위생적 품질 인자의 변화에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았으며, 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 멸치젓갈의 휘발성 염기질소 함량은 전체 숙성기간 동안 30일까지는 비교적 높은 증가를 보이다가 이후 90일까지는 완만하게 증가하는 경향을 나타내었으나, 첨가한 식염 농도가 높을수록 휘발성 염기질소 함량은 낮게 나타났고, 숙성온도 $20^{\circ}C$에서는 $10^{\circ}C$에 비해 2배 이상의 높은 휘발성 염기질소 증가를 나타내었다. 또한, 히스타민의 발현은 숙성온도가 낮은 경우 히스타민의 함량도 낮게 나타나 온도가 히스타민의 발현에 영향을 미치는 인자임을 확인하였으며, 아미노산성 질소함량의 변화는 숙성기간 동안 지속적으로 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 조리용 멸치젓갈의 총균수 변화에 미치는 식염 농도 및 숙성온도의 영향은 식염 농도가 높을수록 식염에 의한 미생물의 생육억제 효과가 크게 나타났고, 숙성온도가 높을수록 총균수도 높게 나타났으나, 대체로 숙성 30일 차 근처까지 총균수가 증가하다가 이후 유지 또는 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. 대장균군 및 대장균의 변화는 원료 멸치에서 대장균군과 대장균이 검출되었으나 젓갈을 제조하여 숙성기간을 거치는 동안 대장균군과 대장균수가 감소하였으며, 식염 농도가 높을수록 빠르게 감소하여 숙성 20~30일이 경과하면서 대부분 검출되지 않았다.

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