DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Development of Numerical Model of Electrode for Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation Considering Saline Irrigation and Temperature-controlled Radiofrequency System

온도 조절형 고주파 시스템 및 식염수 분사를 고려한 전극도자절제술용 전극의 수치 모델 개발

  • Ahn, Jin-Woo (Medical Device Development Center, Osong Medical Innovation Foundation) ;
  • Kim, Young-Jin (Medical Device Development Center, Osong Medical Innovation Foundation) ;
  • Lee, Seung-A (Medical Device Development Center, Osong Medical Innovation Foundation) ;
  • Jung, Ha-Chul (Medical Device Development Center, Osong Medical Innovation Foundation) ;
  • Kim, Kyung-Ah (Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Chungbuk National University) ;
  • Cha, Eun-Jong (Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Chungbuk National University) ;
  • Moon, Jin-Hee (Medical Device Development Center, Osong Medical Innovation Foundation)
  • 안진우 (오송첨단의료산업진흥재단 첨단의료기기개발지원센터) ;
  • 김영진 (오송첨단의료산업진흥재단 첨단의료기기개발지원센터) ;
  • 이승아 (오송첨단의료산업진흥재단 첨단의료기기개발지원센터) ;
  • 정하철 (오송첨단의료산업진흥재단 첨단의료기기개발지원센터) ;
  • 김경아 (충북대학교 의과대학 의공학교실) ;
  • 차은종 (충북대학교 의과대학 의공학교실) ;
  • 문진희 (오송첨단의료산업진흥재단 첨단의료기기개발지원센터)
  • Received : 2017.09.22
  • Accepted : 2017.11.19
  • Published : 2017.12.31

Abstract

Radiofrequency catheter ablation is the interventional therapy that be employed to eliminate cardiac tissue caused by arrhythmias. During radiofrequency catheter ablation, The thrombus can occur at electrode tip if the temperature of tissue and electrode is excess $100^{\circ}C$. To prevent this phenomenon, we investigated numerical model of electrode for radiofrequency catheter ablation considering saline irrigation and temperature-controlled radiofrequency system. The numerical model is based on coupled electric-thermal-flow problem and solved by COMSOL Multiphysics software. The results of the models show that the dimensions of the thermal lesion are increased if the flow rate of the saline irrigation and the set temperature are increased. The surface width characterized to determine the thermal lesion isn't need to measure in temperature-controlled radiofrequency system due to convective heat transfer by saline irrigation at tissue-electrode interface.

Keywords

References

  1. McRury, I.D., and Haines, D.E., "Ablation for the treatment of arrhythmias," Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 84, no. 3, pp. 404-416, 1996. https://doi.org/10.1109/5.486743
  2. Haines, D.E. "The biophysics of radiofrequency catheter ablation in the heart: the importance of temperature monitoring," Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 586-591, 1993. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-8159.1993.tb01630.x
  3. Jain, M.K. and Patrick D.W. "Temperature-controlled and constant-power radio-frequency ablation: what affects lesion growth?," IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, vol. 46, no. 12, pp. 1405-1412, 1999. https://doi.org/10.1109/10.804568
  4. GUERRA, J.M., JORGE, E., RAGA, S., G LVEZ-MONT N, C., ALONSO-MART N, C., RODR GUEZ-FONT, E., CINCA, J., and VI OLAS, X. "Effects of Open-Irrigated Radiofrequency Ablation Catheter Design on Lesion Formation and Complications: In Vitro Comparison of 6 Different Devices," Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology, vol. 24, no. 10, pp. 1157-1162, 2004. https://doi.org/10.1111/jce.12175
  5. WOOD, M.A., GOLDBERG, S.M., PARVEZ, B., PATHAK, V., HOLLAND, K., ELLENBOGEN, A.L., HAN, F.T., ALEXANDER, D., LAU, M., RESHKO, L. and GOEL, A. "Effect of electrode orientation on lesion sizes produced by irrigated radiofrequency ablation catheters," Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology, vol. 20 no. 11, pp. 1262-1268, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-8167.2009.01538.x
  6. EVERETT IV, T.H., LEE, K.W., WILSON, E.E., GUERRA, J.M., VAROSY, P.D., and OLGIN, J.E. "Safety profiles and lesion size of different radiofrequency ablation technologies: a comparison of large tip, open and closed irrigation catheters," Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology, vol. 20, no. 3, pp. 325-335, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-8167.2008.01305.x
  7. Demazumder, D., Mirotznik, M.S., and Schwartzman, D. "Biophysics of radiofrequency ablation using an irrigated electrode," Journal of interventional cardiac electrophysiology, vol. 5, no. 4. pp. 377-389, 2001. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1013224110550
  8. Yokoyama, K., Nakagawa, H., Wittkampf, F.H., Pitha, J.V., Lazzara, R., and Jackman, W.M. "Comparison of electrode cooling between internal and open irrigation in radiofrequency ablation lesion depth and incidence of thrombus and steam pop," Circulation, vol. 113, no. 1, pp. 11-19, 2006.
  9. Weiss, C., Antz, M., Eick, O., Eshagzaiy, K., Meinertz, T., and Willems, S. "Radiofrequency catheter ablation using cooled electrodes: impact of irrigation flow rate and catheter contact pressure on lesion dimensions," Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology, vol. 25, no. 4, pp. 463-469, 2002. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1460-9592.2002.00463.x
  10. Gonzalez-Suarez, A., Berjano, E., Guerra, J.M., and Gerardo- Giorda, L. "Computational modeling of open-irrigated electrodes for radiofrequency cardiac ablation including blood motion-saline flow interaction," PloS one, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. e0150356, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0150356
  11. Perez, J.J., D'avila, A., Aryana, A., and Berjano, E. "Electrical and thermal effects of esophageal temperature probes on radiofrequency catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation: results from a computational modeling study," Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology, vol. 26, no. 5, pp. 556-564, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1111/jce.12630
  12. Jain, M.K. and Patrick D.W. "A three-dimensional finite element model of radiofrequency ablation with blood flow and its experimental validation," Annals of biomedical engineering, vol. 28, no. 9, pp. 1075-1084, 2000. https://doi.org/10.1114/1.1310219
  13. Gopalakrishnan, J. "A mathematical model for irrigated epicardial radiofrequency ablation," Annals of biomedical engineering, vol. 30, no.7, pp. 884-893, 2002. https://doi.org/10.1114/1.1507845
  14. Gallagher, N., Fear, E.C., Byrd, I.A., and Vigmond, E.J. "Contact geometry affects lesion formation in radio-frequency cardiac catheter ablation," PloS one, vol. 8, no. 9, pp. e73242, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0073242
  15. Tungjitkusolmun, S., Woo, E.J., Cao, H., Tsai, J.Z., Vorperian, V.R., and Webster, J.G. "Thermal-electrical finite element modelling for radio frequency cardiac ablation: effects of changes in myocardial properties," Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing, vol. 38, no. 5, pp. 562-568, 2000. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02345754
  16. Gonzalez-Suarez, A. and Berjano, E. "Comparative analysis of different methods of modeling the thermal effect of circulating blood flow during RF cardiac ablation," IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, vol. 63, no. 2, pp. 250- 259, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1109/TBME.2015.2451178
  17. Pennes, H.H. "Analysis of tissue and arterial blood temperatures in the resting human forearm," Journal of applied physiology, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 93-122, 1948. https://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1948.1.2.93
  18. Obradovi , M., Avilla, A., Thiagalingam, A., and Filipovi , N. "Finite element modeling of the endocardial radiofrequency ablation," J Serbian Soc Comput Mech, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 43-53, 2010.
  19. Haines, D.E. and Denny D.W. "Tissue heating during radiofrequency catheter ablation: a thermodynamic model and observations in isolated perfused and superfused canine right ventricular free wall," Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology, vol. 12, no. 6, pp. 962-976, 1989. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-8159.1989.tb05034.x
  20. Doss, J.D. "Calculation of electric fields in conductive media," Medical physics, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 566-573, 1982. https://doi.org/10.1118/1.595107
  21. Plonsey, R. and Heppner, D.B. "Considerations of quasi-stationarity in electrophysiological systems," Bulletin of mathematical Biology, vol. 29, no. 4, pp. 657-664, 1967.
  22. MORENO, J., QUINTANILLA, J.G., MOLINA-MORUA, R., GARCIA-TORRENT, M.J., ANGULO-HERNANDEZ, M.J., CURIEL-LLAMAZARES, C., RAMIRO-BARGUENO, J., GONZALEZ, P., CAAMANO, A.J., PEREZ-CASTELLANO, N., ROJO- ALVAREZ, J.L., MACAYA, C., and PEREZVILLACASTIN. "Morphological and Thermodynamic Comparison of the Lesions Created by 4 Open-Irrigated Catheters in 2 Experimental Models," Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology, vol. 25, no. 12, pp. 1391-1399, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1111/jce.12528
  23. Nguyen, D.T., Olson, M., Zheng, L., Barham, W., Moss, J.D., and Sauer, W.H. "Effect of irrigant characteristics on lesion formation after radiofrequency energy delivery using ablation catheters with actively cooled tips," Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology, vol. 26, no. 7, pp. 792-798, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1111/jce.12682