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노인의 요실금과 우울증이 삶의 질에 미치는 영향

The Influence of Urinary Incontinence and Depression in Elderly on the Quality of the Life

  • 김지현 (건국대학교 의학전문대학원 정신건강의학교실) ;
  • 이중석 (건국대학교 의학전문대학원 정신건강의학교실) ;
  • 남범우 (건국대학교 의학전문대학원 정신건강의학교실) ;
  • 최진영 (건국대학교 의학전문대학원 비뇨기과학교실) ;
  • 양상국 (건국대학교 의학전문대학원 신경과학교실) ;
  • 임현우 (가톨릭대학교 의과대학 예방의학교실) ;
  • 조선진 (가톨릭대학교 의과대학 예방의학교실) ;
  • 정현숙 (가톨릭대학교 의과대학 예방의학교실)
  • Kim, Jihyun (Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Konkuk University) ;
  • Lee, Joongsuk (Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Konkuk University) ;
  • Nam, Beomwoo (Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Konkuk University) ;
  • Choi, Jin-Yong (Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University) ;
  • Yang, Sang-Kuk (Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University) ;
  • Yim, Hyeon Woo (Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea) ;
  • Jo, Sun-jin (Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea) ;
  • Jeong, Hyunsuk (Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea)
  • 투고 : 2017.07.05
  • 심사 : 2017.11.03
  • 발행 : 2017.12.31

초록

연구목적 요실금과 우울증 간의 연관성에 대해 여러 연구가 진행되었으나 두 질환 발생의 시간적 관계나 인과 관계가 명확히 규명되지 못한 한계가 있어왔다. 또한 두 질환이 삶의 질에 미치는 영향에 대해 소수의 연구만 이뤄진 실정이다. 본 연구는 요실금과 우울증이 실제 삶에 끼치는 영향은 물론, 두 질환 간의 상호작용에 대해 파악해 보고자 하였다. 방 법 국내 C시에 거주하는 60세 이상의 노인 1262명을 분석 대상으로 삼았으며, 한국형 단축형 노인우울척도(SGDS-K)를 통해 우울 증상 정도를 평가하였고, 국제요실금학회의 요실금 정의에 기초하여 고안된 질문을 통해 참여자들의 요실금 유무를 파악하였다. 또한 참여자들의 삶의 질은 EuroQol-5 Dimension(EQ-5D)을 통해 각 세부 영역별로 측정하였다. 우울 정도와 요실금 유무에 따른 삶의 질의 차이 비교를 위해 t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe 사후 검정 방식을 이용하였고, 우울증과 요실금 간 상호작용이 삶의 질의 각 세부 영역에 미치는 영향을 비교하고자 다중 회귀 분석을 사용하였다. 결 과 요실금과 우울증 모두를 앓고 있는 참여자들은 모든 세부 영역[운동 능력, 자기 관리 능력, 일상적 활동, 통증, 불안감, 삶의 질에 대한 시각적 상사척도(VAS)]에 걸쳐 다른 모든 참여자들에 비해 유의하게 낮은 삶의 질을 보였다. 요실금 없이 우울증만 호소했던 참여자들은 특히 일상적 활동, 불안감, VAS 영역에서 유의하게 낮은 삶의 질을 보고하였고, 우울증 없이 요실금만 호소했던 참여자들은 운동 능력, 일상적 활동, 통증 영역에서 삶의 저하가 두드러졌다. 요실금과 우울증 간 상호작용은 VAS와 자기 관리 능력, 불안감 항목에서 유의한 영향력이 관찰되었다. 결 론 본 연구는 삶의 질을 저하시킨다고 알려진 요실금과 우울증이 공존할 때 이들의 상호작용이 삶의 질을 더욱 악화시킴을 밝혔으며, 세부 영역별로 삶의 질 악화 정도를 측정 비교하였다. 요실금을 앓는 환자들의 우울증 동반 여부에 대한 적절한 진단과 그에 대한 치료가 중요하다고 여겨진다.

Objectives : Little is known about the influence of urinary incontinence and depression on individual's QOL(Quality of life). We aimed to clarify how the interaction between urinary incontinence and depression influences one's QOL. Methods : A total of 1262 patients were enrolled in this study from April, 2011 to July, 2011. We estimated the severity of depressive symptoms and QOL, using SGDS-K, EQ-5D. We also investigated the morbidity of urinary incontinence for each patient in person or by questionnaire. Comparisons of QOL between groups with or without depression, with or without urinary incontinence were established using t-test, ANOVA and Scheffe's post hoc analysis. The interaction between urinary incontinence and depression was analyzed by each domain of QOL, using multiple regression analysis. Results : Patients with depression and urinary incontinence showed significantly higher EQ-5D scores on every domain of QOL than other patients, which means significantly lower QOL. Patients with depression, no urinary incontinence reported lower QOL, especially in the domain of 'usual activity', 'anxiety' and 'visual analogue scale(VAS)', whereas those with urinary incontinence, no depression showed lower QOL in 'motility', 'usual activities' and 'pain' domain. Statistically significant interaction effects of two diseases were observed in the domain of 'VAS', 'self care' and 'anxiety'. Conclusions : Comorbidity of urinary incontinence and depression showed significantly lower QOL of patients, compared with urinary incontinence or depression respectively, which implies additive interaction effects of the two diseases. Optimal diagnosis and treatment of depression should be emphasized for patients with urinary incontinence.

키워드

과제정보

연구 과제번호 : Health and medical technology development project

연구 과제 주관 기관 : Ministry of Health and Welfare (MOHW)

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