DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Study on Tribological Behavior of Porous Anodic Aluminum Oxide with respect to Surface Coating

다공성 산화알루미늄의 표면코팅에 따른 트라이볼로지적 특성연구

  • Kim, Young-Jin (Dept. of Precision Mechanical Engineering, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Kim, Hyun-Joon (Dept. of Precision Mechanical Engineering, Kyungpook National University)
  • 김영진 (경북대학교 과학기술대학 정밀기계공학과) ;
  • 김현준 (경북대학교 과학기술대학 정밀기계공학과)
  • Received : 2017.08.31
  • Accepted : 2017.10.31
  • Published : 2017.12.31

Abstract

In this work, we have fabricated anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) with ordered nanoscale porosity through an anodization process. We deposited gold and nano-organic thin films on the porous AAO surface to protect its structure and reduce friction. We investigated the tribological characteristics of the porous AAO with respect to the protective surface coatings using tribometers. While investigating the frictional characteristics of the samples by applying normal forces of the order of micro-Newton, we observed that AAO without a protective coating exhibits the highest friction coefficient. In the presence of protective surface coatings, the friction coefficient decreases significantly. We applied normal forces of the order of milli-Newton during the tribotests to investigate the wear characteristics of AAO, and observed that AAO without protective surface coatings experiences severe damage due to the brittle nature of the oxide layer. We observed the presence of several pieces of fractured particles in the wear track; these fractured particles lead to an increase in the friction. However, by using surface coatings such as gold thin films and nano-organic thin films, we confirmed that the thin films with nanoscale thickness protect the AAO surface without exhibiting significant wear tracks and maintain a stable friction coefficient for the duration of the tribotests.

Keywords

References

  1. Preston, C. K., Moskovits, M., "Optical characterization of anodic aluminum oxide films containing electrochemically deposited metal Particles. 1. gold in phosphoric acid anodic aluminum oxide films", J. Phys. Chem., Vol. 97, pp. 8495-8503, 1993. https://doi.org/10.1021/j100134a019
  2. Li, F., Zhang, L., Metzger, R. B., "On the growth of highly ordered pores in anodized aluminum oxide", Chem. Mater., Vol. 10, pp. 2470-2480, 1998. https://doi.org/10.1021/cm980163a
  3. Brevnov, D., A., Barela, M. J., Brooks, M. J., Lopez, G. P., Atanassov, P. B., "Fabrication of anisotropic super hydrophobic/hydrophilic nanoporous membranes by plasma polymerization of $C_4F_8$ on anodic aluminum oxide", J. Electrochem. Soc., Vol. 151, pp. B484-B489, 2004. https://doi.org/10.1149/1.1770917
  4. Rumiche, F., Wang, H. H., Hu, W. S., Indacochea, J. E., Wang, M. L., "Anodized Aluminum Oxide (AAO) nanowell sensors for hydrogen detection", Sens. Actuator B-Chem., Vol. 134, pp. 869-877, 2008. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2008.06.054
  5. Ye, J., Yin, Q., Zhou, Y., "Superhydrophilicity of anodic aluminum oxide films: From "honeycomb" to "bird's nest", Thin Solid Films, Vol. 517, pp. 6012-6015, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2009.04.042
  6. Tsyntsaru, N., Kavas, B., Sort, J., Urgen, M., Celis, J.-P., "Mechanical and frictional behaviour of nanoporous anodised aluminium", Mater. Chem. Phys., Vol. 148, pp. 887-895, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2014.08.066
  7. Jeong, J., Cho, M., "Tribological characteristics of anodized Al 6061 under deinoized water lubricated reciprocating condition", J. Korean Soc. Tribol. Lubr. Eng., Vol. 33, pp. 59-64, 2017.
  8. Hu, N., Ge, S., Fang, L., "Tribological properties of nano-porous anodic aluminum oxide template", J. Cent. South Univ. Technol., Vol. 18, pp. 1004-1008, 2011. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11771-011-0794-3
  9. Michalska-Domanska, M., Norek, M., Stepniowski, W. J., Bunder, B., "Fabrication of high quality anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) on low purity aluminum-A comparative study with the AAO produced on high purity aluminum", Electrochim. Acta, Vol. 105, pp. 424-432, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2013.04.160
  10. Sulka, G. D., Parkola, K. G., "Temperature influence on well-ordered nanopore structures grown by anodization of aluminium in sulphuric acid", Electrochim. Acta, Vol. 52, pp. 1880-1888, 2007. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2006.07.053
  11. Sulka, G. D., Parkola, K. G., "Anodising potential influence on well-ordered nanostructures formed by anodisation of aluminium in sulphuric acid", Thin Solid Films, Vol. 515, pp. 338-345, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2005.12.094
  12. Schwirn, K., Lee, W., Hillebrand, R., Steinhart, M., Nielsch, K., Gosele, U., "Self-Ordered Anodic Aluminum Oxide Formed by H2SO4 Hard Anodization", ACS Nano, Vol. 2, pp. 302-310, 2008. https://doi.org/10.1021/nn7001322
  13. Wang, X., Wang, X., Huang, W., Sebastian, P. J., Gamboa, S., "Sol-gel template synthesis of highly ordered $MnO_2$ nanowire arrays", J. Power Sources, Vol. 140, pp. 211-215. 2005. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2004.07.033
  14. Kim, H.-J., Kim, D.-E., "Frictional behavior of Ag nanodot-pattern fabricated by thermal dewetting", Surf. Coat. Technol., Vol. 215, pp. 234-240, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2012.05.146
  15. Wong, C. P., Bollampally, R. S., "Thermal conductivity, elastic modulus, and coefficient of thermal expansion of polymer composites filled with ceramic particles for electronic packaging", J. Appl. Polym. Sci., Vol., 74, pp. 3396-3403, 1999. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-4628(19991227)74:14<3396::AID-APP13>3.0.CO;2-3
  16. Wu, B., Heidelberg, A., Boland, J. J., "Mechanical properties of ultrahigh-strength gold nanowires", Nat. Mater., Vol. 4, pp. 525-529, 2005. https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat1403
  17. Oh, D.-S., Kang, K.-H., Kim, H.-J., Kim, J.-K., Won, M.-S., Kim, D.-E., "Tribological characteristics of microball bearing with V-shaped grooves coated with ultra-thin protective layers", Tribol. Int., Vol. 119, pp. 481-490, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.triboint.2017.11.014
  18. Tipper, J. L., Firkins, P. J., Ingham, E., Fisher, J., Stone, M. H., Farrar, R., "Quantitative analysis of the wear and wear debris from low and high carbon content cobalt chrome alloys used in metal on metal total hip replacements", J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Med., Vol. 10, pp. 353-362, 1999. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1026473723777
  19. Suh, N. P., "The delamination theory of wear", Wear, Vol. 25, pp. 111-124, 1973. https://doi.org/10.1016/0043-1648(73)90125-7