Journal of Environmental Health Sciences (한국환경보건학회지)

Korean Society of Environmental Health (한국환경보건학회)
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Change in the Prevalence of Allergic Diseases and its Association with Air Pollution in Major Cities of Korea - Population under 19 Years Old in Different Land-use Areas -

주요 대도시 알레르기 질환 유병률 변화와 대기오염과의 관련성 - 지역 용도를 고려한 19세 이하 주민 대상 -

  • Lee, Jiho (Department of Occupational & Environmental Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine) ;
  • Oh, Inbo (Environmental Health Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Min-ho (Ewha Womans University Medical Center, Ewha Institute of Convergence Medicine) ;
  • Bang, Jin Hee (Environmental Health Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine) ;
  • Park, Sang Jin (Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Hospital Cheonan, University of Soonchunhyang, College of Medicine) ;
  • Yun, Seok Hyeon (Department of Occupational & Environmental Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Yangho (Department of Occupational & Environmental Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine)
  • 이지호 (울산대학교 의과대학 직업환경의학교실) ;
  • 오인보 (울산대학교 의과대학 환경보건센터) ;
  • 김민호 (이대목동병원 이화융합의학연구원) ;
  • 방진희 (울산대학교 의과대학 환경보건센터) ;
  • 박상진 (순천향 대학교 천안병원 직업환경의학과) ;
  • 윤석현 (울산대학교 의과대학 직업환경의학교실) ;
  • 김양호 (울산대학교 의과대학 직업환경의학교실)
  • Received : 2017.11.14
  • Accepted : 2017.12.02
  • Published : 2017.12.30
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Abstract

Objectives: The association of air pollution levels and land-use types with changes in the prevalence of allergic diseases (allergic conjunctivitis, allergic rhinitis, asthma, and atopic dermatitis) was investigated for seven metropolitan cities in Korea Methods: Data on daily hospital visits and admissions (of those under 19 years old) for 2003-2012 were obtained from the National Health Insurance Cooperation. Meteorological data on daily mean temperature, humidity, and air pressure were obtained from the Korea Meteorological Administration. Daily mean or maximum concentration data for five pollutants ($PM_{10}$, $O_3$, $NO_2$, $SO_2$, and CO) as measured at air quality monitoring sites operated by the Ministry of Environment were used. We estimated excess risk and 95% confidence intervals for the increasing interquatile range (IQR) of each air pollutant using Generalized Additive Models (GAM) appropriate for time series analysis. Results: In this study, we observed a significant association between the IQR increases of air pollutants and the prevalence risk of allergic diseases (allergic conjunctivitis, allergic rhinitis, asthma, and atopic dermatitis) in all metropolitan cities after adjusting for temperature, humidity, and air pressure at sea level. Among the air pollutants, $NO_2$ and $PM_{10}$ were associated with the prevalence of asthma, and $O_3$ was associated with only allergic conjunctivitis in regression analysis. However, in GAM analysis considering land-use, $O_3$ and $SO_2$ were associated with allergic conjunctivitis, PM10, O3, NO2, and CO were associated with allergic rhinitis, and $PM_{10}$, $O_3$ and $NO_2$ were associated with asthma in industrial area. Conclusion: This study found a significant association between air pollution and the prevalence of allergic related diseases in industrial areas. More detailed research considering mixed traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) and conducting meta-analyses combining data of the all cities is required.

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