Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Korean Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine (대한자기공명의과학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Evaluation of Knee Joint after Double-Bundle ACL Reconstruction with Three-Dimensional Isotropic MRI

  • Received : 2016.06.17
  • Accepted : 2016.07.01
  • Published : 2016.06.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the knee joint after double-bundle anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction with three-dimensional (3D) isotropic magnetic resonance (MR) image, and to directly compare the ACL graft findings on 3D MR with the clinical results. Materials and Methods: From January 2009 to December 2014, we retrospectively reviewed MRIs of 39 patients who had reconstructed ACL with double bundle technique. The subjects were examined using 3D isotropic proton-density sequence and routine two-dimensional (2D) sequence on 3.0T scanner. The MR images were qualitatively evaluated for the intraarticular curvature, graft tear, bony impingement, intraosseous tunnel cyst, and synovitis of anteromedial and posterolateral bundles (AMB, PLB). In addition anterior tibial translation, PCL angle, PCL ratio were quantitatively measured. KT arthrometric values were reviewed for anterior tibial translation as positive or negative. The second look arthroscopy results including tear and laxity were reviewed. Results: Significant correlations were found between an AMB tear on 3D-isotropic proton density MR images and arthroscopic proven AMB tear or laxity (P < 0.05). Also, a significant correlation was observed between increased PCL ratio on 3D isotropic MRI and the arthroscopic findings such as tear, laxities of grafts (P < 0.05). KT arthrometric results were found to be significantly correlated with AMB tears (P < 0.05) and tibial tunnel cysts (P < 0.05). Conclusion: An AMB tear on 3D-isotropic MRI was correlated with arthroscopic results qualitatively and quantitatively. 3D isotropic MRI findings can aid the evaluation of ACL grafts after double bundle reconstruction.

Keywords

References

  1. Csintalan RP, Inacio MC, Funahashi TT. Incidence rate of anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions. Perm J 2008;12:17-21
  2. Bach BR Jr, Tradonsky S, Bojchuk J, Levy ME, Bush-Joseph CA, Khan NH. Arthroscopically assisted anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using patellar tendon autograft. Five- to nine-year follow-up evaluation. Am J Sports Med 1998;26:20-29 https://doi.org/10.1177/03635465980260012101
  3. Shelbourne KD, Gray T. Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with autogenous patellar tendon graft followed by accelerated rehabilitation. A two- to nine-year followup. Am J Sports Med 1997;25:786-795 https://doi.org/10.1177/036354659702500610
  4. Asagumo H, Kimura M, Kobayashi Y, Taki M, Takagishi K. Anatomic reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament using double-bundle hamstring tendons: surgical techniques, clinical outcomes, and complications. Arthroscopy 2007;23:602-609 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arthro.2007.01.009
  5. Tanaka Y, Yonetani Y, Shiozaki Y, et al. MRI analysis of single-, double-, and triple-bundle anterior cruciate ligament grafts. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2014;22:1541-1548 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00167-013-2557-1
  6. Recht MP, Kramer J. MR imaging of the postoperative knee: a pictorial essay. Radiographics 2002;22:765-774 https://doi.org/10.1148/radiographics.22.4.g02jl11765
  7. Papakonstantinou O, Chung CB, Chanchairujira K, Resnick DL. Complications of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: MR imaging. Eur Radiol 2003;13:1106-1117
  8. Ishibashi Y, Tsuda E, Fukuda A, Tsukada H, Toh S. Stability evaluation of single-bundle and double-bundle reconstruction during navigated ACL reconstruction. Sports Med Arthrosc 2008;16:77-83 https://doi.org/10.1097/JSA.0b013e318172b52c
  9. Kim SI, Park HJ, Lee SY, et al. Usefulness of oblique coronal and sagittal MR images of the knee after double-bundle and selective anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions. Acta Radiol 2015;56:312-321 https://doi.org/10.1177/0284185114525952
  10. Duc SR, Pfirrmann CW, Koch PP, Zanetti M, Hodler J. Internal knee derangement assessed with 3-minute threedimensional isovoxel true FISP MR sequence: preliminary study. Radiology 2008;246:526-535 https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2462062092
  11. Vahey TN, Hunt JE, Shelbourne KD. Anterior translocation of the tibia at MR imaging: a secondary sign of anterior cruciate ligament tear. Radiology 1993;187:817-819 https://doi.org/10.1148/radiology.187.3.8497637
  12. Gentili A, Seeger LL, Yao L, Do HM. Anterior cruciate ligament tear: indirect signs at MR imaging. Radiology 1994;193:835-840
  13. Liu SH, Osti L, Dorey F, Yao L. Anterior cruciate ligament tear. A new diagnostic index on magnetic resonance imaging. Clin Orthop Relat Res 1994:147-150
  14. Fleming BC, Brattbakk B, Peura GD, Badger GJ, Beynnon BD. Measurement of anterior-posterior knee laxity: a comparison of three techniques. J Orthop Res 2002;20:421-426 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0736-0266(01)00134-6
  15. Amis AA. The functions of the fibre bundles of the anterior cruciate ligament in anterior drawer, rotational laxity and the pivot shift. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2012;20:613-620 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00167-011-1864-7
  16. Steckel H, Vadala G, Davis D, Fu FH. 2D and 3D 3-tesla magnetic resonance imaging of the double bundle structure in anterior cruciate ligament anatomy. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2006;14:1151-1158 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00167-006-0185-8
  17. Bencardino JT, Beltran J, Feldman MI, Rose DJ. MR imaging of complications of anterior cruciate ligament graft reconstruction. Radiographics 2009;29:2115-2126 https://doi.org/10.1148/rg.297095036
  18. Ghazikhanian V, Beltran J, Nikac V, Feldman M, Bencardino JT. Tibial tunnel and pretibial cysts following ACL graft reconstruction: MR imaging diagnosis. Skeletal Radiol 2012;41:1375-1379 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00256-012-1486-2
  19. Neddermann A, Willbold E, Witte F, et al. Tunnel widening after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: an experimental study in sheep. Am J Sports Med 2009;37:1609-1617 https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546509332251
  20. Naraghi AM, Gupta S, Jacks LM, Essue J, Marks P, White LM. Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: MR imaging signs of anterior knee laxity in the presence of an intact graft. Radiology 2012;263:802-810
  21. Zampeli F, Ntoulia A, Giotis D, et al. The PCL index is correlated with the control of rotational kinematics that is achieved after anatomic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Am J Sports Med 2014;42:665-674 https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546513512780
  22. Barcellona MG, Morrissey MC, Milligan P, Amis AA. The effect of thigh muscle activity on anterior knee laxity in the uninjured and anterior cruciate ligament-injured knee. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2014;22:2821-2829 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00167-013-2695-5
  23. Arneja S, Leith J. Review article: Validity of the KT-1000 knee ligament arthrometer. J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong) 2009;17:77-79 https://doi.org/10.1177/230949900901700117