Nuclear Engineering and Technology

  • 제48권3호
  • /
  • Pages.773-777
  • /
  • 2016
  • /
  • 1738-5733(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2234-358X(eISSN)
한국원자력학회 (Korean Nuclear Society)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Study of a Betavoltaic Battery Using Electroplated Nickel-63 on Nickel Foil as a Power Source

  • Uhm, Young Rang (Radioisotope Research Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI)) ;
  • Choi, Byoung Gun (Human Interface SoC Research Section, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI)) ;
  • Kim, Jong Bum (Radioisotope Research Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI)) ;
  • Jeong, Dong-Hyuk (Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Science) ;
  • Son, Kwang Jae (Radioisotope Research Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI))
  • 투고 : 2015.08.07
  • 심사 : 2016.01.25
  • 발행 : 2016.06.25
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

A betavoltaic battery was prepared using radioactive $^{63}Ni$ attached to a three-dimensional single trenched P-N absorber. The optimum thickness of a $^{63}Ni$ layer was determined to be approximately $2{\mu}m$, considering the minimum self-shielding effect of beta particles. Electroplating of radioactive $^{63}Ni$ on a nickel (Ni) foil was carried out at a current density of $20mA/cm^2$. The difference of the short-circuit currents ($I_{sc}$) between the pre- and post-deposition of $^{63}Ni$ (16.65 MBq) on the P-N junction was 5.03 nA, as obtained from the I-V characteristics. An improved design with a sandwich structure was provided for enhancing performance.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. T. Christen, M.W. Carlen, Theory of Ragone plots, J. Power Source 91 (2000) 210-216. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-7753(00)00474-2
  2. G. Miley, Direct Conversion of Nuclear Radiation Energy, American Nuclear Society, La Grange (IL), 1970.
  3. A. Lal, H. Guo, Nanopower Betavoltaic Microbatteries, Sonic MEMS Laboratory, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca (NY), 2003.
  4. M.V.S. Chandrashekar, C.I. Thomas, H. Li, M.G. Spencer, A. Lal, Demonstration of a 4H SiC betavoltaic cell, Appl. Phys. Lett. 88 (2006) 033506. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2166699
  5. A. Thomas, Nuclear batteries: types and possible uses, Nucleonics 13 (1955) 129-133.
  6. J. Braun, L. Fermvik, A. Stenback, Theory and performance of a tritium battery for the microwatt range, J. Phys. E 6 (1973) 727-731. https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3735/6/8/016
  7. H. Li, A. Lal, J. Blanchard, D. Henderson, Self-reciprocating radioisotope-powered cantilever, J. Appl. Phys. 92 (2002) 1122-1187. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1479755
  8. H. San, S. Yao, X. Wang, Z. Cheng, X. Chen, Design and simulation of GaN based Schottky betavoltaic nuclear microbattery, Appl. Radiat. Isotopes 80 (2013) 17-22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2013.05.010
  9. X.-B. Tang, L. Hong, Z.-H. Xu, Y.-P. Liu, D. Chen, Temperature effect of radioluminescent nuclear battery based on $^{147}Pm$/ZnS: Cu/GaAs, Appl. Radiat. Isotopes 97 (2015) 118-124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2014.12.021
  10. L. Katz, A.S. Penfold, Rangeeenergy relation for electrons and the determination of beta-ray end-point energies by absorption, Rev. Mod. Phys. 24 (1952) 28. https://doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.24.28
  11. H. Isawa, M. Yokozawa, I. Teramoto, Electroless nickel plating on silicon, J. Electrochem. Soc. 115 (1968) 485-488. https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2411283
  12. B. Ulmen, P.D. Desai, S. Moghaddam, G.H. Miley, R.I. Masel, Development of diode junction nuclear battery using $^{63}Ni$, J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. 282 (2009) 601-604. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-009-0320-3
  13. Y.R. Uhm, K.Y. Park, S.J. Choi, The effects of current density and saccharin addition on the grain size of electroplated nickel, Res. Chem. Intermed 41 (2015) 4141-4149. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11164-013-1518-0
  14. D. Drouin, A.R. Couture, D. Joly, X. Tastet, V. Aimez, R. Gauvin, CASINO V2.42: a fast and easy-to-use modeling tool for scanning electron microscopy and microanalysis users, Scanning 29 (2007) 92-101. https://doi.org/10.1002/sca.20000
  15. Y.R. Uhm, K.J. Son, K.Y. Park, B.G. Choi, J.S. Lee, The effect of Ni seed layer for electroplating $^{63}Ni$ in radioisotope battery, In: Springer Proceedings in Energy of the 2nd International Congress on Energy Efficiency and Energy Related Materials, Oludeniz (Turkey), October 16-19, 2014.
  16. Website of Widetronix Company [Internet]. [cited 2013 May 7] Available from: http://www.widetronix.com/products.

피인용 문헌

  1. Deposition yield of nickel in alkaline bath for synthesizing Ni-63 beta source vol.317, pp.1, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-018-5909-y
  2. Evaluation of a betavoltaic energy converter supporting scalable modular structure vol.41, pp.2, 2016, https://doi.org/10.4218/etrij.2018-0022
  3. Design and simulation of high conversion efficiency betavoltaic battery based on a stacked multilayer structure vol.9, pp.7, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5094826
  4. A nuclear battery based on silicon p-i-n structures with electroplating 63Ni layer vol.51, pp.8, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.net.2019.06.003
  5. Design and Analysis of Gallium Nitride-Based p-i-n Diode Structure for Betavoltaic Cell with Enhanced Output Power Density vol.11, pp.12, 2016, https://doi.org/10.3390/mi11121100
  6. Conversion of Radiophotoluminescence Irradiation into Electricity in Photovoltaic Cells. A Review of Theoretical Considerations and Practical Solutions vol.14, pp.19, 2016, https://doi.org/10.3390/en14196186