DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

정보사회와 정보화정책의 분석틀에 관한 연구: 정보통신기술이 사회발전에 미치는 영향을 중심으로

An Alternative Research Framework of the Information Society and ICT Policy for Development

  • 서문기 (숭실대학교 정보사회학과)
  • 투고 : 2016.04.21
  • 심사 : 2016.05.23
  • 발행 : 2016.06.30

초록

본 연구에서는 정보화와 사회발전의 쟁점을 국제지형에서 살펴보고 대안적 분석틀을 제시함으로써 향후 이 분야의 정책설계에 관한 이론적 함의를 도출하고자 한다. 이를 위해 정보사회에 관한 두 가지 상반된 관점인 주류적 관점과 비판적 관점을 고찰하고, 각국의 발전과정에서 나타나는 경제성장, 민주화, 정보화의 객관적 차원을 핵심변수로서 통제한다. 방법론적으로는 회귀분석을 기초로 삶의 질에 관한 정보화효과를 검증하고 사회문화적 차원을 반영한 가치관 지형도를 활용함으로써 비교분석의 잣대를 마련하고자 노력한다. 분석결과는 경제성장 및 민주화의 조건이 동일할 경우 정보화가 삶의 질을 감소시키는 것을 보여준다. 이러한 결과는 ICT에 따른 낙수효과가 자동적으로 이루어지지 못한다는 비판적 관점을 지지하는 것이다. 삶의 질에 작용하는 가치유형으로는 자립수준, 경쟁추구, 정부책임이 중요하며, 정보화와 세 가지 가치의 조합은 전반적으로 정의 상관관계를 나타내고 있다. 요컨대 정보화 및 사회발전에 관한 분석틀을 확장하기 위해서는 기존의 기술, 경제적인 차원을 넘어 사회문화적 맥락과 연계하는 것이 필요하며, 이에 기초한 정책설계가 중요하다.

This paper attempts to present critical issues of the information society and an alternative research addressing the challenges of ensuring that ICT is applied in ways that are enabling and responsive to social contexts in which people live their lives. Drawing the question of why insights arising from the mainstream vision are rarely useful in policies, the study highlights some developmental paradigms linked to ICT. It explores how ICT is seen as a means to development, and elaborates on the limitations of how current issues are related to the quality of life. The results indicate that ICT reduces quality of life while economic growth entails the opposite. The research framework here involves some meaningful components of cultural residues: independence, risk-taking, government responsibility by mapping how the level of ICT is distributed in the topology of values around the world. Moving to the next phase, ICT policy design and implementation need to be set up practically in a broad perspective that can be pursued by those concerned with social and technological innovation.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. 서문기 (2008). "사회발전과정에서 정보화가 국가경쟁력에 미치는 효과에 관한 연구" 정보화정책, 15(4): 105-119.
  2. 서문기 (2015). "잘 사는 국가는 행복한가? 삶의 질에 관한 국가간 비교분석." 한국사회학, 49(1): 111-137.
  3. 송경재.장우영 (2008). "한국 정보화 행정 및 정책 연구에 관한 실증적 분석: 한국행정학보와 한국정책학회보(1990-2007)를 중심으로." 사이버커뮤니케이션학보, 25(1): 323-349.
  4. 송효진 (2015)." IT ODA, 개발도상국의 민주주의 발전을 가져오는가?" 정보화정책, 22(1): 73-95. https://doi.org/10.22693/NIAIP.2015.22.1.073
  5. 송희준 (2008). "정보화정책의 역사적 성찰과 향후 과제." 한국지역정보화학회지, 11(1): 1-15.
  6. 오철호 (2015)." 정책결정, 증거 그리고 활용: 연구경향과 제언." 한국정책학회보, 24(1): 53-75.
  7. 유재미.오철호 (2015). "e-거버넌스 연구의 경향 분석:국내 학술논문을 중심으로" 정보화정책, 22(4): 3-21. https://doi.org/10.22693/NIAIP.2015.22.4.003
  8. 정일환 (1998). "사회발전모형의 이념과 가치에 대한 실증적 연구." 사회과학연구, 5: 121-145.
  9. 정진성외 (2009). 사회의 질 동향. 서울: 서울대출판문화원.
  10. 조명환.차경호 (1998). 삶의 질에 대한 국가간 비교. 서울: 집문당.
  11. 한세억 (2010). "한국정보화정책의 변천과 특징: 행위자연결망을 중심으로." 정보화정책, 17(4): 23-43.
  12. 황종성 (2007). "한국식 정보화모델의 탐색." 정보화정책, 14(4): 4-19.
  13. 梅棹忠夫(1967). 知的生産の技術. 東京: 岩波書店.
  14. Bell, D. (1973). The Coming of Post-Industrial Society: A Venture in Social Forecasting. NY: Basic Books.
  15. Beniger, J. (1986). The Control Revolution: Technological and Economic Origins of the Information Society. MA: Harvard University Press.
  16. Brock, G. (1998). Telecommunication Policy for the Information Age: From Monopoly to Competition. MA: Harvard University Press.
  17. Brown, A. (2006). "Towards the Next Renaissance? Making Collective Decision Combining Community, Expert and Organizational Knowledge."International Journal of Knowledge, Culture and Change Management, 6(3): 43-55.
  18. Brownlie, I. (2002). Principles of Public International Law. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  19. Castells, M. (1996). The Rise of the Network Society. NJ: Wiley.
  20. Ciborra, C. (2005). "Interpreting e-Government and Development: Efficiency, Transparency or Governance at a Distance?" Information Technology & People, 18(3): 260-279. https://doi.org/10.1108/09593840510615879
  21. David, A. & Foray, D. (2003). "Economic Fundamentals of the Knowledge Society." Policy Futures in Education, 1(1): 20-49. https://doi.org/10.2304/pfie.2003.1.1.7
  22. Donner, J. (2008). "Research Approaches to Mobile Use in the Developing World: A Review of the Literature. "The Information Society, 24(3): 140-159. https://doi.org/10.1080/01972240802019970
  23. EIU (2015). Democracy Index 2015: Democracy in an Age of Anxiety. London: The Economist Intelligent Unit.
  24. Franda, M. (2001). Governing the Internet: The Emergence of an International Regime. Boulder: Lynne Rienner.
  25. Frey, B. & Stutzer, A. (2000)." Happiness Prospers in Democracy."Journal of Happiness Studies, 1: 79-102. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1010028211269
  26. Garnham, N. (1997)." Amartya Sen's' Capabilities' Approach to the Evaluation of Welfare: Its Application to Communications."Javnost-The Public, 4(4): 25-34. https://doi.org/10.1080/13183222.1997.11008658
  27. Golding, P. & Murdock, G. (1978). "Theories of Communication and Theories of Society." Communication Research, 5(3): 339-356. https://doi.org/10.1177/009365027800500308
  28. Goldsmith, S. & Eggers, W. (2004). Governing by Network: The New Shape of the Public Sector. D. C.: Brookings Institute.
  29. Heeks, R. (2012). " ICT for Development: Solutions Seeking Problems?"Journal of Information Technology, 27(4): 326-338. https://doi.org/10.1057/jit.2012.19
  30. ITU (2015). World Information Society Report. Geneva: International Telecommunications Union.
  31. Keohane, R. & Nye, J. (2000). "Globalization: What's New? What's Not? (and So What?)" Foreign Policy, 118: 104-130.
  32. Lessig, L. (1999). Code and Other Laws of Cyberspace. NY: Basic Books.
  33. Leydesdorff, L. (2003). A Sociological Theory of Communication: The Self-Organization of the Knowledge-Based Society. uPublish. com: Universal Publishers.
  34. Machlup, B. (1962). The Production and Distribution of Knowledge in the United States. NJ: Princeton University Press.
  35. Madon, S. (2004). "Evaluating the Developmental Impact of e-Governance Initiatives: An Exploratory Framework." Electronic Journal on Information Systems in Developing Countries, 20(5): 1-13.
  36. Midgely, J. (1994). "The Challenge of Social Development: Their Third World and Ours."Social Development Issues, 16(2): 1-13.
  37. Myers, D. & Tan, B. (2002). "Beyond the Models of National Culture in Information System Research."Journal of Global Information Management, 10(1): 24-32. https://doi.org/10.4018/jgim.2002010103
  38. Norris, P. (2001). Digital Divide: Civic Engagement, Information Poverty, and the Internet Worldwide. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  39. Nussbaum, M. & Sen, A. (1997). The Quality of Life. Oxford: Clarendon.
  40. OECD (2015). Information Technology Outlook. Paris: OECD.
  41. Oosterlaken, I. (2015). Technology and Human Development. London: Routledge.
  42. Schiller, H. (1984). Information and the Crisis Economy. NJ: Ablex.
  43. Sen, A. (2009). "Development As Capability Expansion."In S. Fukuda-Parr & K. Shiva Kumar (eds.), Handbook of Human Development. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  44. Shapiro, A. (2000). The Control Revolution: How the Internet Is Putting Individuals in Charge and Changing the World We Know. NY: Public Affairs.
  45. Sichel, D. (1997). The Computer Revolution: An Economic Perspective. DC: The Brookings Institute.
  46. Suh, M. (2014). "Quality of Life and Happiness: The Myth of Development in South Korea." Korea Observer, 45(1): 61-86.
  47. Thompson, M. (2008). "ICT and Development Studies: Towards Development 2.0." Journal of International Development, 20(6): 821-835. https://doi.org/10.1002/jid.1498
  48. UNDP (2015). Human Development Report. London: Oxford University Press.
  49. Unwin, T. (2009). "Development Agendas and the Place of ICTs."In T. Unwin (ed.), ICT4D: Information and Communication Technology for Development. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  50. Wade, R. (2002). "Bridging the Digital Divide: New Route to Development or New Form of Dependency?" Global Governance, 8: 365-388. https://doi.org/10.1163/19426720-00803008
  51. Webster, F. (2006). Theories of the Information Society. London: Routledge.
  52. World Bank (2015). World Development Report. London: Oxford University Press.
  53. World Values Survey (2015). WVS Database. www.worldvaluessurvey.org