DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Genet Variation of Ectomycorrhizal Suillus granulatus Fruiting Bodies in Pinus strobus Stands

  • Lee, Hwa-Yong (Department of Forest Science, Chungbuk National University) ;
  • Koo, Chang-Duck (Department of Forest Science, Chungbuk National University)
  • 투고 : 2015.11.06
  • 심사 : 2016.02.22
  • 발행 : 2016.03.31

초록

The genets of Suillus granulatus in a Pinus strobus stand ($13m{\times}60m$) were identified using random amplified polymorphic DNA molecular markers and the DNA of mushrooms that fruited for two years, and variations in genet size and distribution were analyzed. From a total of 116 mushrooms, 73 genets were identified and were grouped into three locations. The genets of mushrooms in close proximity differed from each other. The genet sizes varied at any of the three locations. The lengths of the identified genets in the pine stand ranged from 0.09 to 2.90 m. The average number of mushrooms per genet was 1.2 to 2.3, and the percentage of genets that were represented by a single mushroom was 44% to 94%. This variation in the genets of mushrooms in close proximity suggests that the ectomycorrhizal mycelial bodies of S. granulatus propagated sexually by fusing haploid spores derived from the mushrooms gills with below-ground mycelia. Therefore, it is necessary further to investigate the formation of new genets through spores in ectomycorrhizal fungal colonies.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Dahlberg A. Community ecology of ectomycorrhizal fungi: an advancing interdisciplinary field. New Phytol 2001;150: 555-62. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1469-8137.2001.00142.x
  2. Anderson IC, Chambers SM, Cairney JW. Use of molecular methods to estimate the size and distribution of mycelial individuals of the ectomycorrhizal basidiomycete Pisolithus tinctorius. Mycol Res 1998;102:295-300. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0953756297004954
  3. Murata H, Ohta A, Yamada A, Narimatsu M, Futamura N. Genetic mosaics in the massive persisting rhizosphere colony "shiro" of the ectomycorrhizal basidiomycete Tricholoma matsutake. Mycorrhiza 2005;15:505-12. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00572-005-0358-1
  4. Kretzer AM, Dunham S, Molina R, Spatafora JW. Microsatellite markers reveal the below ground distribution of genets in two species in Rhizopogon forming tuberculate ectomycorrhizas on Douglas fir. New Phytol 2004;161:313-20.
  5. Wadud MA. Reproduction ecology of pioneer ectomycorrhizal fungi, Laccaria amethystina and L. laccata, in the volcanic desert on Mount Fuji [dissertation]. Tokyo: The University of Tokyo; 2007.
  6. Bergemann SE, Miller SL. Size, distribution, and persistence of genets in local populations of the late-stage ectomycorrhizal basidiomycete, Russula brevipes. New Phytol 2002;156: 313-20. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1469-8137.2002.00507.x
  7. Bergemann SE, Douhan GW, Garbelotto M, Miller SL. No evidence of population structure across three isolated subpopulations of Russula brevipes in an oak/pine woodland. New Phytol 2006;170:177-84. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2006.01654.x
  8. Bonello P, Bruns TD, Gardes M. Genetic structure of a natural population of the ectomycorrhizal fungus Suillus pungens. New Phytol 1998;138:533-42. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1469-8137.1998.00122.x
  9. Abesha E, Caetano-Anolles G, Hoiland K. Population genetics and spatial structure of the fairy ring fungus Marasmius oreades in a Norwegian sand dune ecosystem. Mycologia 2003;95:1021-31. https://doi.org/10.1080/15572536.2004.11833018
  10. Zhou Z, Miwa M, Hogetsu T. Analysis of genetic structure of a Suillus grevillei population in a Larix kaempferi stand by polymorphism of inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR). New Phytol 1999;144:55-63. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1469-8137.1999.00504.x
  11. Wadud MA, Nara K, Lian C, Ishida TA, Hogetsu T. Genet dynamics and ecological functions of the pioneer ectomycorrhizal fungi Laccaria amethystina and Laccaria laccata in volcanic desert on Mount Fuji. Mycorrhiza 2014; 24:551-63. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00572-014-0571-x
  12. Williams JG, Kubelik AR, Livak KJ, Rafalski JA, Tingey SV. DNA polymorphisms amplified by arbitrary primers are useful as genetic markers. Nucleic Acids Res 1990;18:6531-5. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/18.22.6531
  13. Ogawa M. Ecological characters of ectomycorrhizal fungi and their mycorrhizae. JARQ 1984;18:305-14.
  14. Koo CD, Kim JS, Lee SH, Park JI, Ahn KT. Spatio-temporal soil water changes in fairy-ring colony of Tricholoma matsutake. J Korean For Soc 2003;92:632-41.
  15. Ka KH, Park H, Hur TC, Yoon KH, Bak WC, Yeo WH, Lee MW. Fairy ring growth of Tricholoma matsutake in 65-yearold pine (Pinus densiflora) forest stand. Kor J Mycol 2002; 30:95-8. https://doi.org/10.4489/KJM.2002.30.2.095
  16. Caesar-Tonthat TC, Espeland E, Caesar AJ, Sainju UM, Lartey RT, Gaskin JF. Effects of Agaricus lilaceps fairy rings on soil aggregation and microbial community structure in relation to growth stimulation of western wheatgrass (Pascopyrum smithii) in Eastern Montana rangeland. Microb Ecol 2013;66: 120-31. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-013-0194-3
  17. Burchhardt KM, Rivera Y, Baldwin T, Vanearden D, Kretzer AM. Analysis of genet size and local gene flow in the ectomycorrhizal basidiomycete Suillus spraguei (synonym S. pictus). Mycologia 2011;103:722-30. https://doi.org/10.3852/10-334
  18. Liang Y, Guo LD, Ma KP. Genectic structure of a population of the ectomycorrhizal fungus Russula vinosa in subtropical woodlands in Southwest China. Mycorrhiza 2004;14:235-40. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00572-003-0260-7
  19. Wadud MA, Lian CL, Nara K, Reza MS, Hogetsu T. Below ground genet differences of an ectomycorrhizal fungus Laccaria laccata infecting Salix stands in primary successional stage. J Agrofor Environ 2008;2:1-6.
  20. Stamets P. Mycelium running: how mushrooms can help save the world. New York: Ten Speed Press; 2005.
  21. Douhan GW, Vincenot L, Gryta H, Selosse MA. Population genetics of ectomycorrhizal fungi: from current knowledge to emerging directions. Fungal Biol 2011;115:569-97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.funbio.2011.03.005
  22. Hortal S, Trocha LK, Murat C, Chybicki IJ, Buee M, Trojankiewicz M, Burczyk J, Martin F. Beech roots are simultaneously colonized by multiple genets of the ectomycorrhizal fungus Laccaria amethystina clustered in two genetic groups. Mol Ecol 2012;21:2116-29. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2012.05515.x
  23. Deacon JW, Donaldson SJ, Last FT. Sequences and interactions of mycorrhizal funji on birch. Plant Soil 1983;71:257-62. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02182660
  24. Fox FM. Role of basidiospores as inocula of mycorrhizal fungi of birch. Plant Soil 1983;71:269-73. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02182662
  25. Mason PA, Wilson J, Last FT, Walker C. The concept of succession in relation to the spread of sheathing mycorrhizal fungi on inoculated tree seedlings growing in unsterile soil. Plant Soil 1983;71:247-56. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02182659
  26. Jumpponen A, Egerton-Warburton LM. Mycorrhizal fungi in successional environments: a community assembly model incorporating host plant, environmental, and biotic filters. In: Dighton J, White J, Oudemans P, editors. The fungal community: its organization and role in the ecosystem. 3rd ed. New York: CRC Press; 2005. p. 139-68.
  27. Park MS, Oh SY, Cho HJ, Fong JJ, Cheon WJ, Lim YW. Tricholoma songyi sp. nov., a new species associated with the pine mushroom (Tricholoma matsutake). Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2014;106:593-603. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10482-014-0230-4
  28. Lian C, Narimatsu M, Nara K, Hogetsu T. Tricholoma matsutake in a natural Pinus densiflora forest: correspondence between above- and below-ground genets, association with multiple host trees and alteration of existing ectomycorrhizal communities. New Phytol 2006;171:825-36. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2006.01801.x
  29. Dahlberg A, Stenlid J. Spatiotemporal patterns in ectomycorrhizal populations. Can J Bot 1995;73(Suppl 1):1222-30. https://doi.org/10.1139/b95-382
  30. Gherbi H, Delaruelle C, Selosse MA, Martin F. High genetic diversity in a population of the ectomycorrhizal basidiomycete Laccaria amethystina in a 150-year-old beech forest. Mol Ecol 1999;8:2003-13. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-294x.1999.00801.x
  31. Redecker D, Szaro TM, Bowman RJ, Bruns TD. Small genets of Lactarius xanthogalactus, Russula cremoricolor and Amanita francheti in late-stage ectomycorrhizal successions. Mol Ecol 2001;10:1025-34. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-294X.2001.01230.x
  32. Baar J, Ozinga WA, Kuyper TW. Spatial distribution of Laccaria bicolor genets reflected by sporocarps after removal of litter and humus layers in a Pinus sylvestris forest. Mycol Res 1994;98:726-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0953-7562(09)81044-7
  33. Gryta H, Debaud JC, Marmeisse R. Population dynamics of the symbiotic mushroom Hebeloma cylindrosporum: mycelial persistence and inbreeding. Heredity (Ednib) 2000;84(Pt 3): 294-302. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2540.2000.00668.x
  34. Marcais B, Martin F, Delatour C. Structure of Collybia fusipes populations in two infected oak stands. Mycol Res 1998;102: 361-7. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0953756297005017
  35. Smith ML, Bruhn JN, Anderson JB. The fungus Armillaria bulbosa is among the largest and oldest living organisms. Nature 1992;356:428-31. https://doi.org/10.1038/356428a0