• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.149-154
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• 2001

We have investigated the secondary metabolites from the mushroom Suillus granulatus. The methanolic extract of fruit body was separated by silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatographies. TLC and HPLC were also used for the further purification on compounds from the extracts, Nine compounds were finally isolated and their structures were assigned as 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid methyl ester 5'-deoxy-5'methylthioadenosine. indole-3- carboxlic acid methyl ester indole 3-carboxaldehyde 1,3,5-trihydroxy 7-methylanthraquinone nicotinamide and 3-geranylgeranyl-4-hydroxybenzoic acid on the basis of NMR studies.

• Mycobiology
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.7-13
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• 2016

The genets of Suillus granulatus in a Pinus strobus stand ($13m{\times}60m$) were identified using random amplified polymorphic DNA molecular markers and the DNA of mushrooms that fruited for two years, and variations in genet size and distribution were analyzed. From a total of 116 mushrooms, 73 genets were identified and were grouped into three locations. The genets of mushrooms in close proximity differed from each other. The genet sizes varied at any of the three locations. The lengths of the identified genets in the pine stand ranged from 0.09 to 2.90 m. The average number of mushrooms per genet was 1.2 to 2.3, and the percentage of genets that were represented by a single mushroom was 44% to 94%. This variation in the genets of mushrooms in close proximity suggests that the ectomycorrhizal mycelial bodies of S. granulatus propagated sexually by fusing haploid spores derived from the mushrooms gills with below-ground mycelia. Therefore, it is necessary further to investigate the formation of new genets through spores in ectomycorrhizal fungal colonies.

• Mycobiology
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.225-228
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• 2010

We studied the resistance of Cenococcum geophilum and Suillus granulatus isolates to NaCl during growth under axenic culture conditions. C. geophilum isolates displayed variations in NaCl resistance; mycelial growth of most isolates was inhibited above 200mM. All isolates of S. granulatus were tolerant to high NaCl content.

• Mycobiology
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.221-228
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• 2014

The fungal genus Suillus Micheli ex S. F. Gray plays important roles in the survival and growth of plant seedlings. Humans have utilized these ectomycorrhizal fungi to enhance the nutrient uptake and defense systems of plants, particularly in the reforestation of coniferous forests. The genus Suillus is easily distinguishable by its distinctive morphological features, although the morphology of the fruiting body does not facilitate reliable interspecies discrimination. On the basis of micro-morphological features and internal transcribed spacer sequence analysis, we found that 51 of 117 Korean Suillus specimens had initially been misidentified. The list of the 12 Suillus species previously recorded in Korea was re-evaluated and revised to only eight distinct species: S. americanus, S. bovinus, S. granulatus, S. grevillei, S. luteus, S. pictus, S. placidus, and S. viscidus. We provide taxonomical descriptions for six of these species from the sample specimens.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.96-103
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• 2006

A simple method for identifying of ectomycorrhizal fungi was presented, using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to amplify the ITS (Internal transcribed spacer) regions of the nuclear ribosormal repeat. The sequences analyzed 6 species, Pisolithus tinctorius, Chroogomphus rutilus, Leucogyrophana pinastri, Suillus granulatus, Lactarius laeticolorus, and Suillus bovinus at hongreung forest, and analysed 10 species, Craterellus lutescens, Thelephoroid mycorrhizal, Lactarius quieticolor, Tricholoma matsutake, Lactarius chrysorrheus, Sarcodon aspratus, Russula versicolor, Suillus luteus, Tricholoma terreum, and Amanita vaginata at hongcheon forest. Finally, the amplification by PCR with ITS1-ITS4 primers offers good results over classical identification for ectomycorrhizal fungi species.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.99 no.2
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• pp.172-178
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• 2010

The status of ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungal colonization in Pinus thunbergii seedlings was investigated 2 years after planting in an eastern coastal area of Korea. We established three $10{\times}10$ m plots at a P. thunbergii plantation in Gangneung and sampled lateral roots from 10 seedlings in each plot. ECMs were classified into morphological groups and the number of root tips of each morphotype was counted. In total, 8 ECM morphotypes were observed and fungal species that form each morphotype were identified by sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the nuclear rDNA. Suillus granulatus was the most abundant species (44.1-65.7% of relative abundance) in all plots, followed by Tomentella ellisii (14.0-37.8%) and unidentified fungus belonged to Atheliaceae (10.6-20.1%). These 3 fungal species accounted for almost all of the ECM abundance in each plot (94.9-99.8%). The remaining 5 fungal species were uncommon and rare. There was no clear difference in ECM fungal communities among plots. Community structure of ECM fungi in the young P. thunbergii plantation was simple and composed of fungal species that were also observed in mature coastal pine forests.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.70-77
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• 2019

This study was carried out to analyze the physiological activities of wild mushroom extracts collected from the Gangwon-do, Gyeonggi-do, and Chungcheongbuk-do provinces in Korea. Among the wild mushroom extracts, those of Clitocybe robusta and Leucopaxillus giganteus (OK829) showed the highest DPPH radical scavenging activities. Nitrite scavenging activity of the L. giganteus extract (OK811) was determined to be 64.1%, which is considerably higher than those of the other mushroom extracts analyzed in this study. The total polyphenol levels in Suillus granulatus, L. giganteus (OK829), and Amanita manginiana extracts were found to be 19.7 mg GAE/g, 20.2 mg GAE/g, and 22.3 mg GAE/g, respectively. To determine their anti-inflammatory effects, nitric oxide production, and cell viability, NO measurement and MTT assays were performed using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated RAW 264.7 cells. The levels of nitric oxide (NO) produced by the C. robusta and Hypholoma fasciculare extracts were remarkably lower than those produced by the others. In our MTT assay, the extracts of S. granulatus, L. giganteus (OK811), and Lactarius chrysorrheus showed high cell viabilities of 40.3%, 48.3%, and 43.2%, respectively. These results can provide the fundamental data for extracting useful compounds from wild mushrooms.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.82 no.4
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• pp.366-380
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• 1993

Quercus acutissima ectomycorrhizae were classified as apical type, linear type, clavate type, diffuse type, pyramidal type, coralloid type, and nodular type. The surface texture of the fungal mantle at the initial stage of mycorrhizal formation was velvety. The surface texture of Pisolithus tinctorius(Pt) mycorrhizae at 30 September was well-developed felty mantle, Yellowish white. Except Pt all mycorrhizae formed by ectomycorrhizal fungi used to experiment were white with felty mantle. Mycorrhizae at the initial stage of mycorrhizae formation were creamy or creamy brown and swelled with thin mantle. Transverse and longitudinal sections showed radially-elongated cortical cell layers and epidermal cell with Hartig net. The transversal wideth of radially-elongated cortical and epidermal cells in the mycorrhizae with thick mantle on 30 September did not different with the mycorrhizae with thin mantle on the initial stage. Pt #250 formed coralloid mycorrizae but Pt KJ-1 did not although they are same species. On the mean length of linear type ectomycorrhizae of Pt KJ-1(2.21mm) was 1.5 times longer than that of Pt #250(1.32mm). The total dry weight of seedlings inoculated with Pt KJ-1, Pt #250, Lycoperdon pedicellatum, Scleroderma verrucosum were significantly heavier than those of suillus granulatus, Laccaria laccata.