Natural Product Sciences

The Korean Society of Pharmacognosy (한국생약학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Use of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in Analysis of Fennel Essential Oil

  • AbouZid, Sameh (Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University)
  • Received : 2015.04.22
  • Accepted : 2015.07.22
  • Published : 2016.03.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

A simple and rapid method based on proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was developed for determination of trans-anethole content in fennel essential oil. Spectra of pure trans-anethole, of the pure essential oil of fennel, and of the pure oil of fennel with thymol internal standard were recorded. The signal of $H-1^/$ was used for quantification of trans-anethole. This proton signal is well separated in the proton magnetic resonance spectrum of the compound. No reference compound is needed and cheap internal standard was used. The results obtained from spectroscopic analysis were compared with those obtained by gas chromatography. Additionally, the developed method was used for determination of the type of vegetable oil used as a carrier in commercial products, which cannot be quantified as such by gas chromatography. This study demonstrates the application of proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy as a quality control method for estimation of essential oil components.

Keywords

References

  1. Boulos, L. Flora of Egypt; Al Hadara Publishing: Egypt, 2000.
  2. Blumenthal, I. J. R. Soc. Med. 2000, 93, 172-174. https://doi.org/10.1177/014107680009300404
  3. Holt, S.; Muntyan, I.; Likver, L. Alter. Complemen. Therap. 1996, 2, 46-50. https://doi.org/10.1089/act.1996.2.46
  4. Hodgson, I; Stewart, J.; Fyfe, L. J. Essent. Oil Res. 1998, 10, 293-297. https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1998.9700902
  5. Zoubiri, S.; Baaliouamer, A. Food Chem. 2011, 129, 179-182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.04.033
  6. Dadalioglu, I.; Evrendilek, G. A. J. Agric. Food Chem. 2004, 52, 8255-8260. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf049033e
  7. Shahat, A. A.; Ibrahim, A. Y.; Hendawy, S. F.; Omer, E. A.; Hammouda, F. M.; Abdel-Rahman, F. H.; Saleh, M. A. Molecules 2011, 16, 1366-1377. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules16021366
  8. Senatore, F.; Oliviero, F.; Scandolera, E.; Taglialatela-Scafati, O.; Roscigno, G.; Zaccardelli,M.; De Falco, E. Fitoterapia 2013, 90, 214-219. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fitote.2013.07.021
  9. British Pharmacopoeia Commission. British Pharmacopoeia; The Stationary Office Ltd: London UK, 1998, pp 576-578.
  10. Howes, M. J.; Houghton, P. J.; Barlow, D. J.; Pocock, V. J.; Milligan, S. R. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 2002, 54, 1521-1528. https://doi.org/10.1211/002235702216
  11. Raffo, A.; Nicoli, S.; Leclercq, C. Food Chem. Toxicol. 2011, 49, 370-375. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2010.11.011
  12. Pauli, G. F.; Jaki, B. U.; Lankin, D. C. J. Nat. Prod. 2005, 68, 133-149. https://doi.org/10.1021/np0497301
  13. Strehle, M. A.; Rosch, P.; Baranska, M.; Schulz, H.; Popp, J. Biopolymers 2005, 77, 44-52. https://doi.org/10.1002/bip.20178
  14. Juliani, H. R.; Kapteyn, J.; Jones, D.; Koroch, A. R.; Wang, M.; Charles, D.; Simon J. E. Phytochem. Anal. 2006, 17, 121-128. https://doi.org/10.1002/pca.895
  15. Alencar, J. W.; de Vasconcelos Silva, M. G.; Machado, M. I. L.; Craveiro, A. A.; de Abreu Matos, F. J.; de Abreu Magalhaes, R. J. Spectroscopy 1997, 13, 265-273. https://doi.org/10.1155/1997/930701
  16. Formacek, V.; Kubeczka, K. H. In Aromatic Plants World Crops: Production, Utilization and Description; Springer; Netherlands, 1982, 177-181.
  17. Cavalli, J. F.; Tomi, F.; Bernardini, A. F.; Casanova, J. Phytochem. Anal. 2004, 15, 275-279. https://doi.org/10.1002/pca.761
  18. Skakovskii, E. D.; Lamotkin, S. A.; Shpak, S. I.; Tychinskaya, L. Y.; Gaidukevich, O. A.; Lamotkin, A. I. J. Appl. Spectrosc. 2006, 73, 275-279. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10812-006-0068-2
  19. Friedman, M. J. Agric. Food Chem. 2014, 62, 7652-7670. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf5023862
  20. Zamora, R.; Navarro; J. L.; Hidalgo, F. J. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 1994, 71, 361-364. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02540514
  21. Sacchi, R.; Patumi, M.; Fontanazza, G.; Barone, P.; Fiordiponti, P.; Mannina, L.; Rossi, E.; Segre, A. L. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 1996, 73, 747-758. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02517951
  22. Fauhl, C.; Reniero, F.; Guillou, C. Magn. Reson. Chem. 2000, 38, 436-443. https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-458X(200006)38:6<436::AID-MRC672>3.0.CO;2-X
  23. Lajara, J. R.; Diaz, U.; Quidiello, R. D. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 1990, 67, 618-623. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02540410