DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

과학전람회에 참여하는 초등학생들의 경험에 관한 현상학적 연구

Phenomenological Study on the Elementary Students' Experience Participating in the Science Fair

  • 투고 : 2016.01.25
  • 심사 : 2016.02.22
  • 발행 : 2016.02.29

초록

본 연구에서는 질적 연구 중 현상학적 연구방법을 통하여 과학전람회에 참여하는 초등학생들의 경험과 어려움에 대한 이야기를 듣고, 학생들의 성장과 그 의미에 대한 심층적인 이해를 하고자 하였다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 학생들은 과학전람회를 통해 다양한 경험을 한다. 학생들은 심도 있는 실험을 수행하고, 탐구 주제와 관련된 다양한 기관을 방문하고, 그 곳에서 만난 전문가와의 면담을 통해서 과학적 지식과 탐구 방법을 획득하게 된다. 학생들은 탐구 일지를 작성하며 탐구 과정을 자신의 언어로 기록하고, 탐구 과정 전반을 정리하여 많은 사람들 앞에서 발표하는 경험도 갖게 된다. 둘째, 학생들은 과학전람회를 준비하는 동안 몇 가지 어려움을 겪는 것으로 나타났다. 실험 결과가 예상했던 가설과 다르거나 일정한 경향성이 없어서 실험을 계속 반복해야할 때 어려움을 겪었다. 그리고 학생들은 탐구 일지 작성에 어려움을 느끼고 부담을 가지기도 하였다. 또 학생들은 과학전람회를 준비하는 동안 많은 시간을 투자해야 해서 교우 관계나 취미 생활에서 포기해야하는 점이 많음을 어려움으로 꼽았다. 셋째, 학생들은 과학전람회를 통해 과학적 태도가 향상되었고 정의적 측면에서도 긍정적인 영향을 받았다. 학생들은 과학적 흥미, 호기심, 협동성 등과 같은 과학적 태도를 키울 수 있었다. 그리고 성취감, 자신감, 교우관계, 교사와의 관계, 진로 관심 등 정의적 측면에서도 많은 것을 얻게 되었다. 본 연구를 통해 과학전람회에 참여하는 학생들이 일상적 과학 수업에서는 쉽게 해볼 수 없는 많은 경험을 하고, 탐구과정 중에서 어려움을 겪기도 하지만 큰 성취감과 보람을 느끼며 성장하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 과학전람회는 학생들에게 가치 있는 경험이었다.

The purpose of this study is to understand the elementary student's growth and its implications from the students' experience participating in the science fair by phenomenological study. The results are as follows. First, the students have various experiences. They acquire scientific knowledge and inquiry skills by conducting in-depth experiments, visiting several places, and interviewing experts. They have some experience in writing experiment journals to record the inquiry process in their own language, and presenting their results in public. Second, the students suffer several difficulties while preparing for the science fair. They have some difficulties when the results were not consistent with the hypothesis, or they had to repeat the experiment over and over. They feel burdened in writing the experiment journal. They had a few time to meet friends or for hobbies. Third, the students improve scientific attitude through the science fair, and they receive a positive effect on the affective side. They developed scientific interest, curiosity, cooperation, etc. And they also gained a sense of accomplishment, confidence, friendship, good relationship with teachers, career interest, etc. This study finds out that students participating in the science fair have a lot of experience that cannot be done easily in a normal science class. Even though students confront some difficulties in the inquiry process, they make good progression and feel accomplished. So the science fair is valuable experience for them.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Ahn, K. & Park, I. (2009). Effect of participation in science fairs on perception, science related attitudes and science inquiry process skill of elementary school children. Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education, 28(3), 304-312.
  2. Bae, B. (2014). Influence of science contests on the change of elementary students' science learning motivation (Unpublished master's thesis). Daegu National University of Education, Republic of Korea.
  3. Creswell, J. W. (2013a). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches, Sage publications.
  4. Creswell, J. W. (2013b). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches, 3rd Ed.
  5. Editorial Board of Journal of Science Museum (1995). Journal of science museum. Seonmyung-Munhwa Sa.
  6. Giorgi, A. (1985). Phenomenology and psychological research. Duquesne University Press.
  7. Jeong, J. (2008). Analysis of elementary students' perceptions about science laboratory class (Unpublished master's thesis). Korea National University of Education, Republic of Korea.
  8. Joh, B. (2011). A phenomenological study on client lived-experiences of counselor self-disclosure (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Sookmyung Women's University, Republic of Korea.
  9. Kim, B. Yeo, S. & Kim, Y. (2009). The effect of interactive science journal writing through feedback on scientific process skills of elementary students. The Bulletin of Science Education, 22(1), 85-93.
  10. Kim, D. (1996). A study on teaching science exhibition applying science inquiry process (Unpublished master's thesis). Korea University, Republic of Korea.
  11. Kim, Y. (2013). Qualitative research methods 2: Methods. Academy Press, Seoul.
  12. Lee, D. (2008a). Phenomenological approach to experience learning for students (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Dankook University, Republic of Korea.
  13. Lee, H. (2011). Phenomenological study on the teachers' experience supervising science fair (Unpublished master's thesis). Cheongju National University of Education, Republic of Korea.
  14. Lee, J. (2008b). The analysis on question types described for the subject and exploration content in elementary student's works awarded at the national science exhibition (Unpublished master's thesis). Daegu National University of Education, Republic of Korea.
  15. Ra, K. & Kim, H. (1986). An analytical study of the exhibits of biology in national science exhibitions. Biology Education, 14(1), 25-43.
  16. Schuman, D. (1982). Policy analysis, education, and everyday life: An empirical reevaluation of higher education in America. Lexington, MA: Heath.
  17. Seidman, I. (1998). Interviewing as qualitative research. New York: Teachers College Press.
  18. Son, Y. (2000). A study on the scientific attitudes of students participating in the science fairs (Unpublished master's thesis). Pusan National University of Education, Republic of Korea.
  19. Song, K. (2000). A study to improve the issues derived from analysis of science contest: Concerned with students scientific invention contest and science exhibition (Unpublished master's thesis). Chonnam National University, Republic of Korea.
  20. Yoon, J. (2002). Factors of students' career choice related to science. Journal of the Korean Association for Research in Science Education, 22(4), 906-921.
  21. Youn, S. (2001). The influence of participation in science exhibitions on scientific attitude and inquiry ability of elementary school students (Unpublished master's thesis). Korea National University of Education, Republic of Korea.

피인용 문헌

  1. 네트워크 분석을 통한 국내 과학교육 질적 연구동향 분석 vol.10, pp.3, 2016, https://doi.org/10.15523/jksese.2017.10.3.290
  2. Analysis of the Characteristics of High School Student Research Activities - Focused on the Prize-Winning Works in the Life Science Field of National Science Fair - vol.46, pp.3, 2018, https://doi.org/10.15717/bioedu.2018.46.3.380
  3. Parental Helping with Science Fair Projects: a Case Study vol.20, pp.2, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1007/s42330-020-00087-6