The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education (컴퓨터교육학회논문지)

The Korean Association of Computer Education (한국컴퓨터교육학회)
권호 표지

A Study on Teaching-learning for Enhancing Computational Thinking Skill in terms of Problem Solving

문제해결의 관점에서 컴퓨팅 사고력 증진을 위한 교수학습에 대한 연구

  • Received : 2015.12.08
  • Accepted : 2016.01.27
  • Published : 2016.01.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study aims to suggest an instructional design to improve CT(Computational Thinking) skills in terms of problem solving. CT can be defined as a thought processes for computer-based problem solving. Examining the related CT concepts in the general problem solving process can be helpful for learners to understand CT. For this, this study selects the key elements of CT through literature review, describes how the elements are related to each phrase of the problem solving process, and explores cognitive aspects of the CT elements. In addition, this study describes learning activities and learning assessments of the CT elements according to each phrase of problem solving process and suggests a basic instructional design framework for CT in view of problem solving.

컴퓨팅 사고력은 컴퓨터를 기반으로 하는 문제해결에 관한 하나의 사고 과정으로 정의될 수 있기 때문에 일반적인 문제해결의 과정에서 관련된 컴퓨팅 사고력 개념들을 살펴보는 것은 컴퓨팅 사고력을 이해하는데 도움이 될 수 있다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 관련 연구를 통해 컴퓨팅 사고력의 핵심 요소들을 뽑아내고 그러한 요소들이 문제 해결과정에서 어떻게 사용되는지를 기술한다. 또한 문제해결과정에서의 컴퓨팅 사고력 요소들을 인지적인 측면에서 살펴본 후, 각 단계에서의 학습활동과 학습평가 요소들을 기술한다. 이를 기초로 문제 해결의 관점에서 컴퓨팅 사고력을 위한 기본 수업 프레임워크를 제안한다.

Keywords

References

  1. Wing, J. (2006). Computational Thinking. Commun. ACM, 49, 3, 33-35. https://doi.org/10.1145/1118178.1118215
  2. Grover, S. & Pea, R.D. (2013). Computational Thinking in K-12: A Review of the State of the Field. Educational Researcher. 42(1), 38-43. https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189X12463051
  3. Brennan, K., & Resnick, M. 2012. New frameworks for studying and assessing the development of computational thinking. Paper presented at AERA 2012, Vancouver, Canada.
  4. Werner, L., Denner, J., Campe, S., & Kawamoto, D. C. (2012, February). The Fairy Performance Assessment: Measuring computational thinking in middle school. In Proceedings of the 43rd ACM technical symposium on Computer Science Education (pp. 215-220). ACM.
  5. Selby, Cynthia, Dorling, Mark and Woollard, John (2014) Evidence of assessing computational thinking. Brookes eJournal of Learning and Teaching, 1-12.
  6. 이영준 외 7인 (2014). 초중등 단계 Computational Thinking 도입을 위한 기초연구, 한국과학창의재단 연구 보고서
  7. Wing, J. (2011). Research Notebook: Computational Thinking-What and Why? The Link. Pittsburgh, PA: Carneige Mellon.
  8. International Society for Technology in Education (ISTE) and the Computer Science Teachers Association (CSTA), 2011 Operational Definition of Computational Thi nking for K-12 Education, http://csta.acm.org/Curriculum/sub/CurrFiles/CompThinkingFlyer.pdf
  9. Aho, A. A. (2012). Computation and computational thinking. The Computer Journal, 55(7), 832-835. https://doi.org/10.1093/comjnl/bxs074
  10. Barr, V., & Stephenson, C. (2011). Bringing computational thinking to K-12: What is involved and what is the role of the computer science education community? ACM Inroads, 2(1), 48-54. https://doi.org/10.1145/1929887.1929905
  11. The College Board (2012). Computational thinking practices and big ideas, key concepts, and supporting concepts. Retrieved from http://www.csprinciples.org/home/ about-the-project.
  12. Seiter, L., & Foreman, B. (2013, August). Modeling the learning progressions of computational thinking of primary grade students. In Proceedings of the ninth annual international ACM conference on International computing education research (pp. 59-66). ACM.
  13. Brennan, K., & Resnick, M. (2012). Using artifact-based interviews to study development of computational thinking in interactive media design. Paper presented at annual American Educational Research Association meeting, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
  14. Werner, L., Denner, J., Campe, S., & Kawamoto, D. C. (2012, February). The Fairy Performance Assessment: Measuring computational thinking in middle school. In Proceedings of the 43rd ACM technical symposium on Computer Science Education (pp. 215-220). ACM.
  15. 김수환, 한선관(2012). Computational Thinking 향상을 위한 디자인 기반 학습, 한국 정보교육학회 논문지, 16, 3, 319-326
  16. 최형신(2014). Computational thinking 역량 계발을 위한 수업 설계 및 평가 루브릭 개발, 한국 정보교육논문지, 18,1, pp.57-64
  17. Bloom, B. S.; Engelhart, M. D.; Furst, E. J.; Hill, W. H.; Krathwohl, D. R. (1956). Taxonomy of educational objectives: The classification of educational goals. Handbook I: Cognitive domain. New York: David McKay Company.
  18. Anderson, Lorin W.; Krathwohl, David R., eds. (2001). A taxonomy for learning, teaching, and assessing: A revision of Bloom's taxonomy of educational objectives. Allyn and Bacon. ISBN 978-0-8013-1903-7.
  19. Computing At School (2015), Computational Thinking : A Guide for teachers, Retrieved from http://community.computingatschool.org.uk/resources/2324